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Hypertriglyceridemia is the presence of high amounts of triglycerides in the blood.Triglycerides are the most abundant fatty molecule in most organisms. Hypertriglyceridemia occurs in various physiologic conditions and in various diseases, and high triglyceride levels are associated with atherosclerosis, even in the absence of hypercholesterolemia (high cholesterol levels) and predispose to ...
Familial hypertriglyceridemia is an autosomal dominant condition occurring in approximately 1% of the population. [27] This form is due to high triglyceride level. Other lipoprotein levels are typically within the normal reference range or slightly increased. [28] Treatment include diet control, fibrates and niacins. Although statins are ...
Hypercholesterolemia, also called high cholesterol, is the presence of high levels of cholesterol in the blood. [1] It is a form of hyperlipidemia (high levels of lipids in the blood), hyperlipoproteinemia (high levels of lipoproteins in the blood), and dyslipidemia (any abnormalities of lipid and lipoprotein levels in the blood).
Familial hypertriglyceridemia is considered a type IV familial dyslipidemia it is distinguished from other dyslipidemias based on the individual's lipid profile. Familial hypertriglyceridemia separates itself from other dyslipidemias with significantly high triglycerides and low HDL levels. It is important to recognize that co-morbid conditions ...
If TG results are greater than 10 mmol/L, then this needs to be addressed since severe hypertriglceridemia is a risk factor for acute pancreatitis. [2] Another blood level collected to assess dyslipidemia is HDL-C. [6] HDL cholesterol is made up of very little lipids and a high amount of protein. [1]
High cholesterol levels normally do not cause any symptoms. Yellow deposits of cholesterol-rich fat may be seen in various places on the body such as around the eyelids (known as xanthelasma palpebrarum), the outer margin of the iris (known as arcus senilis corneae), and in the tendons of the hands, elbows, knees and feet, particularly the Achilles tendon (known as a tendon xanthoma).
Certain drugs, such as estrogen, corticosteroids, retinoids, protease inhibitors, thiazide diuretics, and beta-blockers, may cause hypertriglyceridemia. Obesity increases the risk of hyperlipidemia. Chronic, excessive alcohol use increases the risk of hypertriglyceridemia. Smoking and not exercising may lead to hyperlipidemia.
Lipaemia retinalis is a retinal disease caused by hypertriglyceridemia or chylomicronemia. [3] Depending on plasma triglyceride level, the retinal arteries, veins or occasionally the entire fundus may show creamy-white to salmon red discoloration. [6] In primary hyperlipidaemia, LR occurs only in patients with increased chylomicron levels. [6]