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Hybrid zoom is a concept used in smartphones that takes advantage of optical zoom, digital zoom, and software to get improved results when zooming in further than the lens' physical capabilities. [5] Smartphones with optical zoom have lenses with 3× or 5× magnification.
This is a list of smartphones with a telephoto lens that offers a focal length (35mm equivalent) of at least 100mm or "4× optical zoom" with an imaging area equivalent to a 1/3.5″ or larger sensor. Smartphone lenses are often marketed in terms of "optical zoom" [1] relative to the phone's main camera. For example, 120mm is usually referred ...
There is no precise definition of the term, but lenses marketed as "standard zoom" usually cover a range of at least 30mm to 70mm in terms of 35mm equivalent focal length with an optical zoom ratio of 2.5× (e.g. 28-70mm) to 5× (e.g. 24-120mm) — the most common being 3× (e.g. 24-70mm). [1]
Most consumer zoom lenses do not maintain perfect focus, but are still nearly parfocal. Most camera phones that are advertised as having optical zoom actually use a few cameras of different but fixed focal length, combined with digital zoom to make a hybrid system. TV camera and Canon DIGI SUPER 86 II zoom lens with 86× magnification
Typical zoom lenses cover a 3.5× range, for example 24–90 mm (standard zoom) or 60–200 mm (telephoto zoom). "Super-zoom" lenses with a range of 10× or even 14× are becoming more common, although the image quality does typically suffer a bit compared with the more traditional zooms.
35 mm equivalent focal lengths are calculated by multiplying the actual focal length of the lens by the crop factor of the sensor. Typical crop factors are 1.26× – 1.29× for Canon (1.35× for Sigma "H") APS-H format, 1.5× for Nikon APS-C ("DX") format (also used by Sony, Pentax, Fuji, Samsung and others), 1.6× for Canon APS-C format, 2× for Micro Four Thirds format, 2.7× for 1-inch ...
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With a digital SLR, dust is difficult to avoid but is easy to rectify using a computer with image-editing software. Some digital SLRs have systems that remove dust from the sensor by vibrating or knocking it, sometimes in conjunction with software that remembers where dust is located and removes dust-affected pixels from images. [citation needed]