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[1] [2] Methods other than fingerprint scanning or PIN-numbers can be used at a payment terminal. Tokenization , when applied to data security, is the process of substituting a sensitive data element with a non-sensitive equivalent, referred to as a token , that has no intrinsic or exploitable meaning or value.
Byte pair encoding [1] [2] (also known as digram coding) [3] is an algorithm, first described in 1994 by Philip Gage, for encoding strings of text into smaller strings by creating and using a translation table. [4]
Example of a web form with name-value pairs. A name–value pair, also called an attribute–value pair, key–value pair, or field–value pair, is a fundamental data representation in computing systems and applications. Designers often desire an open-ended data structure that allows for future extension without modifying existing code or data.
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When a lexer feeds tokens to the parser, the representation used is typically an enumerated type, which is a list of number representations. For example, "Identifier" can be represented with 0, "Assignment operator" with 1, "Addition operator" with 2, etc.
Python supports normal floating point numbers, which are created when a dot is used in a literal (e.g. 1.1), when an integer and a floating point number are used in an expression, or as a result of some mathematical operations ("true division" via the / operator, or exponentiation with a negative exponent).
In the case of credit card numbers, for example, there are 10 15 possible 16-digit credit card numbers (accounting for the redundant check digit), and because the 10 15 ≈ 2 49.8, using a 50-bit wide Feistel network along with cycle walking will create an FPE algorithm that encrypts fairly quickly on average.
Public-key cryptography, or asymmetric cryptography, is the field of cryptographic systems that use pairs of related keys. Each key pair consists of a public key and a corresponding private key. [1] [2] Key pairs are generated with cryptographic algorithms based on mathematical problems termed one-way functions.