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Injection site reactions (ISRs) are reactions that occur at the site of injection of a drug. They may be mild or severe and may or may not require medical intervention. Some reactions may appear immediately after injection, and some may be delayed. [1] Such reactions can occur with subcutaneous, intramuscular, or intravenous administration.
Intramuscular injection is the administration of a drug deep into the muscles via a needle, which allows the drug to go into the bloodstream as well. Subcutaneous injections occur when the needle is inserted between the skin and muscle, allowing the drug to be absorbed into the bloodstream over a prolonged period. [27]
Subcutaneous injection sites. Commonly used injection sites include: [3]: 723 The outer area of the upper arm. The abdomen, avoiding a 2-inch circle around the navel. The front of the thigh, between 4 inches from the top of the thigh and 4 inches above the knee. The upper back. The upper area of the buttock, just behind the hip bone.
Intraperitoneal injection or IP injection is the injection of a substance into the peritoneum (body cavity). It is more often applied to non-human animals than to humans. In general, it is preferred when large amounts of blood replacement fluids are needed or when low blood pressure or other problems prevent the use of a suitable blood vessel for intravenous injection.
Most injector pens are designed for subcutaneous injection just under the skin, but some are designed for injection into muscle. The desired injection site and the skin profile at the injection site will determine what needle length is appropriate for a person to use. [23]
Some injectors are triggered by simply pushing the nose ring against the injection site. In these designs, the protective cap is the primary safety. Other designs use a safety mechanism similar to nail guns : The injection is triggered by pushing the nose ring against the injection site and simultaneously, while applying pressure, pushing a ...
Mantoux intradermal injection Intradermal needle insertion angle compared with other injection types.. The traditional procedure of ID injection known as the Mantoux procedure (as used in the Mantoux test) involves injecting at angle of administration of 5 to 15 degrees angle, almost against the skin.
It is usually a depot injection, either subcutaneous or intradermal, and not an intramuscular injection. After deposition, the drug then diffuses slowly from the depot into the capillary networks, where it enters circulation. Skin popping is distinct from intravenous injection in that the latter deposits the drug directly into the bloodstream ...