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The shekel and mina ("profane" or "sacred") were units of both weight and volume. A shekel or mina weight was equal to the weight of that volume of water. The talent was a measure of weight used for large amounts of coinage. Some related units were used in Persia in the 19th century, and are still used in contemporary Iran.
Abraham weighs out 400 shekels of silver (about 4.4 kg, or 141 troy oz) in order to buy land for a cemetery at Machpelah. (1728 illustration, based on Genesis 23) The Babylonian system, which the Israelites followed, measured weight with units of the talent, mina, shekel (Hebrew: שקל), and giru, related to one another as follows: 1 shekel ...
From earliest Sumerian times, a mina was a unit of weight. At first, talents and shekels had not yet been introduced. By the time of Ur-Nammu (shortly before 2000 BCE), the mina had a value of 1 ⁄ 60 talent as well as 60 shekels. The weight of this mina is calculated at 1.25 pounds (0.57 kg), or 570 grams of silver (18 troy ounces). [1] [2]
A two-shekel weight recently recovered near the temple area in Jerusalem and dated to the period of the First Temple weighs 23 grams, [8] giving a weight of 11.5 grams per shekel in Israel during the monarchy. When used to pay labourers, recorded wages in the ancient world range widely.
An Attic weight talent was about 25.8 kilograms (57 lb). Friedrich Hultsch estimated a weight of 26.2 kg, [25] and Dewald (1998) offers an estimate of 26.0 kg. [26] An Attic talent of silver was the value of nine man-years of skilled work, according to known wage rates from 377 BC. [27]
See Weight for detail of mass/weight distinction and conversion. Avoirdupois is a system of mass based on a pound of 16 ounces, while Troy weight is the system of mass where 12 troy ounces equals one troy pound. The symbol g 0 is used to denote standard gravity in order to avoid confusion with the (upright) g symbol for gram.
^ In this and following weight units kg. and gr. mean technically kg-weight or gr-weight. ^ https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/arsin ^ a b Erkal, Mehmet (1991). Arşın, TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, Cilt 3, s 411-413, İstanbul ^ Kâtip Çelebi (2007). Deniz Savaşları Hakkında Büyüklere Armağan (Tuhfetü’l-Kibar fi Estari’l-Bihar ...
English-speaking countries also used a system of units of fluid measure, or in modern terminology volume units, based on the apothecaries' system. Originally, the terms and symbols used to describe the volume measurements of liquids were the same as or similar to those used to describe weight measurements of solids [33] (for example, the pound by weight and the fluid pint were both referred to ...