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Japonica rice (Oryza sativa subsp. japonica), sometimes called sinica rice, is one of the two major domestic types of Asian rice varieties. Japonica rice is extensively cultivated and consumed in East Asia, whereas in most other regions indica rice is the dominant type of rice. Japonica rice originated from Central China, where it was first ...
Rice can come in many shapes, colours and sizes. This is a list of rice cultivars, also known as rice varieties.There are several species of grain called rice. [1] Asian rice (Oryza sativa) is most widely known and most widely grown, with two major subspecies (indica and japonica) and over 40,000 varieties. [2]
Oryza sativa contains two major subspecies: the sticky, short-grained japonica or sinica variety, and the nonsticky, long-grained indica [籼稻 ] [インディカ米 ] rice variety. Japonica was domesticated in the Yangtze Valley 9–6,000 years ago, [12] and its varieties can be cultivated in dry fields (it is cultivated mainly submerged in ...
Both indica and japonica forms of Asian rice sprang from a single domestication event in China from the wild rice Oryza rufipogon. [22] [21] Despite this evidence, it appears that indica rice arose when japonica arrived in India about 4,500 years ago and hybridised with another rice, whether an undomesticated proto-indica or wild O. nivara. [23]
Short-grain glutinous rice from Japan Long-grain glutinous rice from Thailand Glutinous rice flour. Glutinous rice (Oryza sativa var. glutinosa; also called sticky rice, sweet rice or waxy rice) is a type of rice grown mainly in Southeast East Asia, the northeastern regions of India and Bhutan which has opaque grains, very low amylose content, and is especially sticky when cooked.
The aromatic cultivar group originated in the Indian subcontinent about 2400–4000 years ago, from an admixture of the newly-introduced japonica rice (carrying the BADH2 mutation) and the local aus rice. Not all members of the cultivar group are fragrant. [6] The aromatic group is considered part of the japonica subspecies. [7]
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This means when a field where rice is growing floods, accelerated growth in the internodal of the stem allows the plant to keep some of its foliage on top of the water. The O. s. indica cultivar is the main type of deepwater rice, although varieties of O. s. japonica have been found in Burma and Assam Plains. [3] [4]