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They Called Them Greasers: Anglo Attitudes toward Mexicans in Texas, 1821–1900 (Austin, 1983) De León, Arnoldo. Mexican Americans in Texas: A Brief History, 2nd ed. (1999) García, Richard A. Rise of the Mexican American Middle Class: San Antonio, 1929-1941 1991; Montejano, David. Anglos and Mexicans in the Making of Texas, 1836-1986 (1987)
The excursion of the Spanish in 1539 into the north or what is today Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona, was led by the Spanish conquistador Francisco Vázquez de Coronado. [10] On July 7, 1540, Coronado's army reached the outskirts of the rumored city of much gold, Cibola , near upper Rio Grande where the Spanish encountered massive resistance ...
The Coahuiltecan appeared to be extinct as a people, integrated into the Spanish-speaking mestizo community. In 1827 only four property owners in San Antonio were listed in the census as "Indians." A man identified as a "Mission Indian," probably a Coahuiltecan, fought on the Texan side in the Texas Revolution in 1836.
It includes people whose ancestors come from Spain, Mexico, the Caribbean and Central and South America. National Hispanic Heritage Month highlights cultural diversity of Spanish-speaking ...
People from this background often self-identify as "Hispanos", "Spanish" or "Hispanic". Many of these settlers also intermarried with local Native Americans, creating a mestizo population. [78] Likewise, southern Louisiana is home to communities of people of Canary Islands descent, known as Isleños, in addition to other people of Spanish ancestry.
In the Spanish colonial period, the Spanish developed a complex set of racial terms and ways to describe difference. Although this has been conceived of as a "system," and often called the sistema de castas or sociedad de castas, archival research shows that racial labels were not fixed throughout a person's life. [19]
Texian was a popular demonym, used by Texas colonists, for all the people of the Republic of Texas (1836–1846), before it became a U.S. state. [5] This term was used by early colonists and public officials, including many Texas residents, [5] and President Mirabeau Lamar frequently used it to foster Texas nationalism.
The Spanish colonial and later Mexican national governments encouraged settlers from the northern and western provinces of Mexico, whom Californios called "Sonorans." Small groups of people from other parts of Latin America (most notably Peru and Chile ) also settled in California.