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A Celsius Galilean thermometer in two degree gradations. A risen orange orb denotes 24 °C. A Galileo thermometer (or Galilean thermometer) is a thermometer made of a sealed glass cylinder containing a clear liquid and several glass vessels of varying density. The individual floats rise or fall in proportion to their respective density and the ...
As a temperature indicator it used red wine. (Rømer scale), The temperature scale used for his thermometer had 0 representing the temperature of a salt and ice mixture (at about 259 s). 1709 — Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit constructed alcohol thermometers which were reproducible (i.e. two would give the same temperature)
Galileo thermometers are used to measure indoor air temperature, due to their limited measurement range. Such liquid crystal thermometers (which use thermochromic liquid crystals) are also used in mood rings and used to measure the temperature of water in fish tanks.
Galileo thermometer; Gas thermometer principle: relation between temperature and volume or pressure of a gas . Constant pressure gas thermometer; Constant volume gas thermometer; Liquid crystal thermometer; Liquid thermometer principle: relation between temperature and volume of a liquid (coefficient of thermal expansion). Alcohol thermometer
The Galileo Project, "The Thermometer" Benedict, Robert P., 1984. Chapter 1, "Early attempts to measure degrees of heat", in Fundamentals of Temperature, Pressure and Flow Measurement , 3rd ed, Wiley ISBN 0-471-89383-8 .
Example of the widely used Bourdon pressure gauge Checking tire pressure with a spring and piston tire-pressure gauge. Pressure measurement is the measurement of an applied force by a fluid (liquid or gas) on a surface. Pressure is typically measured in units of force per unit of surface area.