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Francisco Franco Bahamonde [f] [g] (born Francisco Paulino Hermenegildo Teódulo Franco Bahamonde; 4 December 1892 – 20 November 1975) was a Spanish military general who led the Nationalist forces in overthrowing the Second Spanish Republic during the Spanish Civil War and thereafter ruled over Spain from 1939 to 1975 as a dictator, assuming ...
Francoist Spain (Spanish: España franquista), also known as the Francoist dictatorship (dictadura franquista), was the period of Spanish history between 1936 and 1975, when Francisco Franco ruled Spain after the Spanish Civil War with the title Caudillo. Two days after his death in 1975 due to heart failure, Spain transitioned into a democracy.
The first Francoism (1939–1959) was the first stage in the history of General Francisco Franco's dictatorship, between the end of the Spanish Civil War and the abandonment of the autarkic economic policy with the application of the Stabilization Plan of 1959, which gave way to the developmentalist Francoism or second Francoism, which lasted until the death of the Generalissimo.
The first government of Francisco Franco was formed on 31 January 1938 during the Spanish Civil War, shortly after having been proclaimed as Head of State of Spain. [1] [2] It succeeded the Technical State Junta in the Nationalist zone—eventually, it would also take over from the Republican National Defence Council at the end of the war—and was the Government of Spain from 31 January 1938 ...
The balance has also changed because of the democratization of Spain since the death of Franco in 1975. France, Spain, and the United Kingdom were the main European Union (EU) member countries that classified the ETA organization as a terrorist group. [25] [26] [27] In addition, this group was also associated with the IRA terrorist group. [28]
In the history of contemporary Spain, the death of caudillo Francisco Franco on 20 November 1975 marked the beginning of the Spanish transition to democracy, the establishment of the parliamentary monarchy and the subsequent accession of King Juan Carlos I to the throne.
The eighth [b] government of Francisco Franco was formed on 30 October 1969, after the latter had sacked 13 out of 18 of his ministers—in what was to become the largest cabinet reshuffle in the whole Francoist period—as a result of internal divisions between the various factions within the National Movement and the unveiling of the Matesa scandal earlier that year.
After the death of Francisco Franco, Spain and the Soviet Union established formal relations and exchanged embassies on 9 February 1977. [28] Switzerland: 14 February 1939: Switzerland sent a diplomatic agent to Franco on 3 May 1938, and a representative from the Francoist government had been tolerated and granted privileges in Bern since 1937