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Massive outbreaks of mountain pine beetles in western North America after about 2005 have killed millions of acres of forest from New Mexico to British Columbia. [20] Bark beetles enter trees by boring holes in the bark of the tree, sometimes using the lenticels, or the pores plants use for gas exchange, to pass through the bark of the tree. [3]
Common names include pine sawyer, western pine sawyer, spined woodborer, and ponderosa pine borer. [2] A taxonomic synonym is Ergates spiculatus. [2] This beetle species develops on fallen ponderosa pines and Douglas firs. [3] T. spiculatus is the largest species of wood boring beetle in Colorado. [3]
The nematodes drop off the beetle, and infect healthy pine trees when the adult beetles eat the young pine branches. [16] The pine wilt nematode is spread by a number of bark beetles and wood borers, typically associated with the genus Monochamus of pine sawyers. [17] Pine sawyers lay their eggs in the bark of dead timber.
Woodboring beetles most often attack dying or dead trees. In forest settings, they are important in the turnover of trees by culling weak trees, thus allowing new growth to occur. [ 3 ] They are also important as primary decomposers of trees within forest systems, allowing for the recycling of nutrients locked away in the relatively decay ...
Wood-boring insects can degrade the wood aesthetically by boring holes, and also indirectly as vectors for fungi and nematodes which can cause structural damage. [ 5 ] Allison et al. [ 11 ] extrapolated information from one mill in southern British Columbia to suggest that wood-boring insects could cause an annual loss of US$43.6 million per ...
A lodgepole pine tree infested by the mountain pine beetle, with visible pitch tubes. Beetles develop through four stages: egg, larva, pupa and adult.Except for a few days during the summer when adults emerge from brood trees and fly to attack new host trees, all life stages are spent beneath the bark.