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Mentha, also known as mint (from Greek μίνθα míntha, [2] Linear B mi-ta [3]), is a genus of flowering plants in the mint family, Lamiaceae. [4] It is estimated that 13 to 24 species exist, but the exact distinction between species is unclear.
Spearmint can be infected by tobacco ringspot virus. This virus can lead to stunted plant growth and deformation of the leaves in this plant. In China, spearmint have been seen with mosaic symptoms and deformed leaves. This is an indication that the plant can also be infected by the viruses, cucumber mosaic and tomato aspermy. [25]
The leaves and stems are usually slightly fuzzy. The flowers are purple, 6–8 mm (1 ⁄ 4 – 5 ⁄ 16 in) long, with a four-lobed corolla about 5 mm (3 ⁄ 16 in) diameter; they are produced in whorls (verticillasters) around the stem, forming thick, blunt spikes. Flowering season lasts from mid- to late summer.
The term "shoots" is often confused with "stems"; "shoots" generally refers to new fresh plant growth, including both stems and other structures like leaves or flowers. [2] In most plants, stems are located above the soil surface, but some plants have underground stems. Stems have several main functions: [3]
The flowers are pale purple (occasionally white or pink), in whorls on the stem at the bases of the leaves. Each flower is 3 to 4 mm (1 ⁄ 8 to 5 ⁄ 32 in) long and has a five-lobed hairy calyx, a four-lobed corolla with the uppermost lobe larger than the others and four stamens. The fruit is a two-chambered carpel.
The stems are square in cross section, green or purple, and variably hairy to almost hairless. The rhizomes are wide-spreading, fleshy, and bear fibrous roots . The leaves are ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 2 to 6 centimetres (0.79 to 2.36 in) long and 1 to 4 centimetres (0.39 to 1.57 in) broad, green (sometimes purplish), opposite, toothed, and ...
The upper angle between one part of a plant and another, e.g. the stem and a leaf. axile On an axis; of a placenta, on the central axis of the ovary. axillary Borne in or arising from the axil, usually referring to the axil of a leaf. axis The main stem of a whole plant or inflorescence; also, the line along which this stem extends.
Bud – an immature stem tip, typically an embryonic shoot, either producing a stem, leaves, or flowers. Bulb – an underground stem normally with a short basal surface and with thick fleshy leaves. Bundle scar – a small mark on a leaf scar indicating a point where a vein from the leaf was once connected to the stem.