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Cost-plus pricing is a pricing strategy by which the selling price of a product is determined by adding a specific fixed percentage (a "markup") to the product's unit cost. Essentially, the markup percentage is a method of generating a particular desired rate of return. [1] [2] An alternative pricing method is value-based pricing. [3]
Excel 2.0 was released a month before Windows 2.0, and the installed base of Windows was so low at that point in 1987 that Microsoft had to bundle a runtime version of Windows 1.0 with Excel 2.0. [129] Unlike Microsoft Word, there never was a DOS version of Excel.
Apple iWork Numbers, included with Apple's iWork '08 suite exclusively for Mac OS X v10.4 or higher. AppleWorks – for MS Windows and Macintosh. This is a further development of the historical Claris Works Office suite. WordPerfect Office Quattro Pro – for MS Windows. Was one of the big three spreadsheets (the others being Lotus 123 and Excel).
If certified cost or pricing data has been requested by the Government and submitted by an offeror, but an exception is later found to apply, the data should not be considered to be "certified". [1] The requirement for a certificate of cost or pricing data may also apply to sub-contractors at any tier in the supply chain. [2] [4]
[2] [3] Many construction cost estimators continue to rely primarily upon manual methods, hard copy documents, and/or electronic spreadsheets such as Microsoft Excel. While spreadsheets are relatively easy to master and provide a means to create and report a construction cost estimate and or cost models, their benefit comes largely from their ...
Some people argue that PCM is a synonym for target costing. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] However, others argue that PCM is different, because target costing is a pricing method , whereas, PCM is focused on the maximum profit or minimum cost of a product, regardless of the price at which the product is sold to the end customer. [ 4 ]
Word 1.1, Excel 3.0, PowerPoint 2.0 July 8, 1991 [4] Office 1.6 Word 1.1, Excel 3.0, PowerPoint 2.0, Mail 2.1 Last version for Windows 3.0. Early 1992 Office 2.5 Word 2.0a, Excel 4.0, PowerPoint 2.0e, Mail 2.1 Mail 2.1: licence only, no software. August 30, 1992 Office 3.0: Word 2.0c, Excel 4.0, PowerPoint 3.0, Mail 3.0 January 17, 1994 Office ...
[1] [2] [3] The price of a product or service is defined as cost plus profit, whereas cost can be broken down further into direct cost and indirect cost . [ 1 ] As a business has virtually no influence on indirect cost, a cost reduction oriented cost breakdown analysis focuses rather on factors contributing to direct cost.