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Facial trauma can involve soft tissue injuries such as burns, lacerations and bruises, or fractures of the facial bones such as nasal fractures and fractures of the jaw, as well as trauma such as eye injuries. Symptoms are specific to the type of injury; for example, fractures may involve pain, swelling, loss of function, or changes in the ...
The Le Fort I fracture (horizontal maxillary fracture) consists of a horizontal fracture through the pterygoid plates and maxillary bone between the hard palate and the orbits. [5] Involvement of the nasal aperture differentiates this fracture from the other two Le Forts. [5] Historically, this fracture was eponymically known as a Guérin ...
A Le Fort I osteotomy surgically moves the upper jaw to correct misalignment and deformities. It is used in the treatment for several conditions, including skeletal class II malocclusion, cleft lip and cleft palate, vertical maxillary excess (VME) or deficiency, and some specific types of facial trauma, particularly those affecting the mid-face.
Fractures with displacement require surgery consisting of fracture reduction with miniplates, microplates and screws. Gillie's approach is used for depressed zygomatic fractures. [5] The prognosis of tripod fractures is generally good. In some cases there may be persistent post-surgical facial asymmetry, which can require further treatment. [6]
Bone healing, or fracture healing, is a proliferative physiological process in which the body facilitates the repair of a bone fracture. Generally, bone fracture treatment consists of a doctor reducing (pushing) displaced bones back into place via relocation with or without anaesthetic, stabilizing their position to aid union, and then waiting ...
Time to event ranged from 23 to 39 months and 42–46 months with high dose intravenous and oral bisphosphonates. [17] A prospective, population based study by Mavrokokki et al. . estimated an incidence of osteonecrosis of the jaw of 1.15% for intravenous bisphosphonates and 0.04% for oral bisphosphonates.
The average showing of the incisors when the lips are at rest is 1/3 of its clinical crown height. With maxillary excess, more than 1/3 of the incisors would show. When the patient smiles, maxillary excess would manifest as the entire clinical crown and a portion of the gums showing as well. [42] This is regarded as a ‘gummy smile.’
The classification is similar to the classification of OM generally, according to the length of time the inflammation has been present and whether there is suppuration (the formation of pus). Acute osteomyelitis is loosely defined as OM which has been present for less than one month and chronic osteomyelitis is the term used for when the ...