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The amount and viscosity of the mucilage are important nattō characteristics, contributing to nattō's unique taste and smell. The mucilage of two kinds of insectivorous plants, sundew [9] and butterwort , [10] is used for the traditional production of a variant of the yogurt-like Swedish dairy product called filmjölk. [11] [12]
Pitch produced from petroleum may be called bitumen or asphalt, while plant-derived pitch, a resin, is known as rosin in its solid form. Tar is sometimes used interchangeably with pitch, but generally refers to a more liquid substance derived from coal production, including coal tar, or from plants, as in pine tar. [2]
Viscosity is a measure of a fluid's rate-dependent resistance to a change in shape or to movement of its neighboring portions relative to one another. [1] For liquids, it corresponds to the informal concept of thickness; for example, syrup has a higher viscosity than water. [2]
In physics and chemistry, a non-Newtonian fluid is a fluid that does not follow Newton's law of viscosity, that is, it has variable viscosity dependent on stress. In particular, the viscosity of non-Newtonian fluids can change when subjected to force. Ketchup, for example, becomes runnier when shaken and is thus a non-Newtonian fluid.
Insect trapped in resin Cedar of Lebanon cone showing flecks of resin as used in the mummification of Egyptian Pharaohs. A resin is a solid or highly viscous liquid that can be converted into a polymer. [1] Resins may be biological or synthetic in origin, but are typically harvested from plants.
Dynamic viscosity is a material property which describes the resistance of a fluid to shearing flows. It corresponds roughly to the intuitive notion of a fluid's 'thickness'. For instance, honey has a much higher viscosity than water. Viscosity is measured using a viscometer. Measured values span several orders of magnitude.
Potato starch slurry Roux. A thickening agent or thickener is a substance which can increase the viscosity of a liquid without substantially changing its other properties. Edible thickeners are commonly used to thicken sauces, soups, and puddings without altering their taste; thickeners are also used in paints, inks, explosives, and cosmetics.
Xanthan, with other polysaccharides can form gels that have high solution viscosity which can be used in the oil industry to thicken drilling mud. In the food industry, xanthan is used in products such as dressings and sauces. [16] Alginate