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  2. Immutable object - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immutable_object

    In object-oriented (OO) and functional programming, an immutable object (unchangeable [1] object) is an object whose state cannot be modified after it is created. [2] This is in contrast to a mutable object (changeable object), which can be modified after it is created. [ 3 ]

  3. Immutable interface - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immutable_interface

    In object-oriented programming, "immutable interface" is a pattern for designing an immutable object. [1] The immutable interface pattern involves defining a type which does not provide any methods which mutate state. Objects which are referenced by that type are not seen to have any mutable state, and appear immutable.

  4. Value type and reference type - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Value_type_and_reference_type

    Many languages have explicit pointers or references. Reference types differ from these in that the entities they refer to are always accessed via references; for example, whereas in C++ it's possible to have either a std:: string and a std:: string *, where the former is a mutable string and the latter is an explicit pointer to a mutable string (unless it's a null pointer), in Java it is only ...

  5. String interning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/String_interning

    String interning speeds up string comparisons, which are sometimes a performance bottleneck in applications (such as compilers and dynamic programming language runtimes) that rely heavily on associative arrays with string keys to look up the attributes and methods of an object. Without interning, comparing two distinct strings may involve ...

  6. Persistent data structure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persistent_data_structure

    The Java programming language is not particularly functional. Despite this, the core JDK package java.util.concurrent includes CopyOnWriteArrayList and CopyOnWriteArraySet which are persistent structures, implemented using copy-on-write techniques. The usual concurrent map implementation in Java, ConcurrentHashMap, is not persistent, however.

  7. Clojure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clojure

    Clojure advocates immutability and immutable data structures and encourages programmers to be explicit about managing identity and its states. [23] This focus on programming with immutable values and explicit progression-of-time constructs is intended to facilitate developing more robust, especially concurrent, programs that are simple and fast.

  8. Value object - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Value_object

    In C#, a class is a reference type while a struct (concept derived from the struct in C language) is a value type. [5] Hence an instance derived from a class definition is an object while an instance derived from a struct definition is said to be a value object (to be precise a struct can be made immutable to represent a value object declaring attributes as readonly [6]).

  9. Javadoc - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Javadoc

    Javadoc is an API documentation generator for the Java programming language. Based on information in Java source code, Javadoc generates documentation formatted as HTML and via extensions, other formats. [1] Javadoc was created by Sun Microsystems and is owned by Oracle today.