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Many studies of longitudinal data, which correlate people's test scores over time, and cross-sectional data, which compare personality levels across different age groups, show a high degree of stability in personality traits during adulthood, especially Neuroticism that is often regarded as a temperament trait [148] similarly to longitudinal ...
In cognitive psychology, the Eriksen flanker task is a set of response inhibition tests used to assess the ability to suppress responses that are inappropriate in a particular context. The target is flanked by non-target stimuli which correspond either to the same directional response as the target ( congruent flankers), to the opposite ...
[5] The approach attempts to designate facets of each domain which are mutually exclusive: each characteristic is assigned to a single facet. are similar in scope: the distinctions between facets should be comparable. exhaust the domain: the collection of facets within a domain should cover the contents of that domain comprehensively.
The Paradox of Choice – Why More Is Less is a book written by American psychologist Barry Schwartz and first published in 2004 by Harper Perennial.In the book, Schwartz argues that eliminating consumer choices can greatly reduce anxiety for shoppers.
Choice-supportive memory distortion is thought to occur during the time of memory retrieval and was the result of the belief that, "I chose this option, therefore it must have been the better option." [5] Essentially, after a choice is made people tend to adjust their attitudes to be consistent with, the decision they have already made.
After experiencing a bad outcome with a decision problem, the tendency to avoid the choice previously made when faced with the same decision problem again, even though the choice was optimal. Also known as "once bitten, twice shy" or "hot stove effect". [106] Mere exposure effect or familiarity principle (in social psychology)
Although larger choice sets can be initially appealing, smaller choice sets lead to increased satisfaction and reduced regret. Another component of overchoice is the perception of time. Extensive choice sets can seem even more difficult with a limited time constraint. [5]
Reverse psychology is often used on children due to their high tendency to respond with reactance, a desire to restore threatened freedom of action. Questions have, however been raised about such an approach when it is more than merely instrumental, in the sense that "reverse psychology implies a clever manipulation of the misbehaving child". [5]