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The members of this family are part of the normal flora and commonly found in the digestive tracts of humans and animals. C. koseri may act as an opportunistic pathogen in individuals who are immunocompromised. [3] It rarely is community-acquired and mainly occurs as hospital-acquired infections. Infections caused by C. koseri can lead to ...
C. freundii is also a nitrogen-fixing bacteria, a process demonstrated in the living tissues of sassafras trees. This process provides evidence that they are partly responsible for reducing nitrate to nitrite in the environment. [8] C. freundii can also be found in the intestinal tracts of humans and other animals from diverse environmental ...
The species C. amalonaticus, C. koseri, and C. freundii can use citrate as a sole carbon source. Citrobacter species are differentiated by their ability to convert tryptophan to indole (C. koseri is the only citrobacter to be commonly indole-positive), ferment lactose (C. koseri is a lactose fermentor), and use malonate.
Typical genera include: [3] Citrobacter are peritrichous facultative anaerobic bacilli between 0.6–6 μm in length. [4] Citrobacter species inhabit intestinal flora without causing harm, but can lead to urinary tract infections, bacteremia, brain abscesses, pneumonia, intra abdominal sepsis, meningitis, and joint infections if they are given the opportunity. [4]
C. rodentium is a non-motile, facultative aerobe that lives in the intestinal tract of mice. The indole production test is negative, and it cannot grow on citrate or KCN.It is negative for arginine dihydrolase (meaning it cannot utilize arginine as a carbon and energy source) and is negative for H 2 S production.
Swimming off the coast of Mexico in the Gulf of California live the few remaining vaquitas on earth. This endangered cetacean is not only the smallest porpoise species, but the most rare ...
It has been found to live in various wastes, hygiene chemicals, and soil. It also has some commercial significance; experiments using molasses as the substrate have produced hydrogen gas. K. aerogenes is an outstanding hydrogen producer.
Some live only in pairs as adults, others like American crows, can have extended family groups on one territory, others, like fish crows, live in larger groups of unrelated birds of many ages ...