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Empty sella syndrome is the condition when the pituitary gland shrinks or becomes flattened, filling the sella turcica with cerebrospinal fluid instead of the normal pituitary. [2] It can be discovered as part of the diagnostic workup of pituitary disorders, or as an incidental finding when imaging the brain.
Empty sella in MR imaging. The empty sella sign is a radiological finding characterized by the partial or complete filling of the sella turcica with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), causing the pituitary gland to appear flattened or compressed against the walls of the sella. [1] This results in the sella appearing "empty" on imaging, despite the ...
Sheehan's syndrome, also known as postpartum pituitary gland necrosis, occurs when the pituitary gland is damaged due to significant blood loss and hypovolemic shock (ischemic necrosis) or stroke, originally described during or after childbirth leading to decreased functioning of the pituitary gland (hypopituitarism). [1]
The diagnosis is achieved with magnetic resonance imaging and blood tests. Treatment is by the timely correction of hormone deficiencies. In many cases, surgical decompression is required. Many people who have had a pituitary apoplexy develop pituitary hormone deficiencies and require long-term hormone supplementation. The first case of the ...
Central nervous system (CNS) disorders or conditions may cause SIADH in 9% of cases, this includes subarachnoid hemorrhage (56% of CNS causes), pituitary surgery (35% of CNS causes), brain cancer, infections, stroke and head trauma. [2] No cause of inappropriate antidiuresis is initially found in 17–60% of cases. [2]
The signs and symptoms of hypopituitarism vary, depending on which hormones are undersecreted and on the underlying cause of the abnormality. The diagnosis of hypopituitarism is made by blood tests, but often specific scans and other investigations are needed to find the underlying cause, such as tumors of the pituitary, and the ideal treatment ...
Treatment includes a healthy diet, salt restriction, and exercise. [2] The medication acetazolamide may also be used along with the above measures. [2] A small percentage of people may require surgery to relieve the pressure. [2] About 2 per 100,000 people are newly affected per year. [4] The condition most commonly affects women aged 20–50. [2]
This is a list of major and frequently observed neurological disorders (e.g., Alzheimer's disease), symptoms (e.g., back pain), signs (e.g., aphasia) and syndromes (e ...