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Sociologist Barrington Moore Jr., in his influential Social Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy (1966), argues that the distribution of power among classes – the peasantry, the bourgeoise and the landed aristocracy – and the nature of alliances between classes determined whether democratic, authoritarian or communist revolutions occurred ...
A direct democracy, or pure democracy, is a type of democracy where the people govern directly, by voting on laws and policies. It requires wide participation of citizens in politics. [ 4 ] Athenian democracy , or classical democracy, refers to a direct democracy developed in ancient times in the Greek city-state of Athens.
Although democracy is generally understood to be defined by voting, [1] [8] no consensus exists on a precise definition of democracy. [19] Karl Popper says that the "classical" view of democracy is, "in brief, the theory that democracy is the rule of the people and that the people have a right to rule". [20]
Rev. Robert L. Montgomery writes that the No. 1 principle of democracy is "loyal opposition," working out differences through debate and voting.
Political science or politics as a study largely situates itself within this definition of sociology and is sometimes regarded as a well developed sub-field of sociology, but is seen as a stand alone disciplinary area of research due to the size of scholarly work undertaken within it. Politics offers a complex definition and is important to ...
A democratic republic is a form of government operating on principles adopted from a republic and a democracy. As a cross between two similar systems, democratic republics may function on principles shared by both republics and democracies.
In political science, democratic socialism and social democracy are sometimes seen as synonyms, [25] while they are distinguished in journalistic use. [26] Under this democratic socialist definition, [nb 1] social democracy is an ideology seeking to gradually build an alternative socialist economy through the institutions of liberal democracy. [23]
A democratic transition describes a phase in a country's political system as a result of an ongoing change from an authoritarian regime to a democratic one. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The process is known as democratisation , political changes moving in a democratic direction. [ 4 ]