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The Submerged-arc furnace for phosphorus production is a particular sub-type of electric arc furnace used to produce phosphorus and other products. Submerged arc furnaces are mainly used for the production of ferroalloys. The nomenclature submerged means that the furnace's electrodes are buried deep in the furnace burden. A reduction reaction ...
A steelmaking arc furnace, by comparison, arcs in the open. The key is the electrical resistance, which is what generates the heat required: the resistance in a steelmaking furnace is the atmosphere, while in a submerged-arc furnace, the slag (or charge) supplies the resistance. The liquid metal formed in either furnace is too conductive to ...
Ferrophosphorus is a ferroalloy, an alloy of iron and phosphorus. It contains high proportion of iron phosphides, Fe 2 P and Fe 3 P. Its CAS number is 8049-19-2. The usual grades contain either 18 or 25% of phosphorus. [1] It is a gray solid material with melting point between 1050-1100 °C. It may liberate phosphine in contact with water. Very ...
An industrial furnace, also known as a direct heater or a direct fired heater, is a device used to provide heat for an industrial process, typically higher than 400 degrees Celsius. [1] They are used to provide heat for a process or can serve as reactor which provides heats of reaction.
This used bone ash for a phosphate source, as described above. The bone-ash process became obsolete when the submerged-arc furnace for phosphorus production was introduced to reduce phosphate rock. [58] [59] The electric furnace method allowed production to increase to the point where phosphorus could be used in weapons of war.
A submerged arc welder used for training Close-up view of the control panel A schematic of submerged arc welding Pieces of slag from submerged arc welding exhibiting glassy surface due to silica (SiO 2). Submerged arc welding (SAW) is a common arc welding process. The first SAW patent was taken out in 1935.
In mathematics, the ratio test is a test (or "criterion") for the convergence of a series =, where each term is a real or complex number and a n is nonzero when n is large. The test was first published by Jean le Rond d'Alembert and is sometimes known as d'Alembert's ratio test or as the Cauchy ratio test.
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