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The ADFGX and ADFGVX field ciphers were a modified polybius system with single order double columnar transposition and frequent key change, with letters optimized for Morse. It was later broken by the famous French cryptanalyst Georges Painvin. The breaking of the ADFGX cipher by Painvin was the second time during the war that cryptanalysis ...
Airborne leaflets have been used for military propaganda purposes at least since the 19th century. One early example is from the Franco-Prussian War when, in October 1870 during the Siege of Paris, a French balloon coming from the city dropped government proclamations over North German Confederation troops that stated the following (in German):
Zimmermann's office sent the telegram to the German embassy in the United States for retransmission to Von Eckardt in Mexico. It has traditionally been understood that the telegram was sent over three routes. It went by radio, and passed via telegraph cable inside messages sent by diplomats of two neutral countries (the United States and Sweden).
The media was expected to take sides, not to remain neutral, during World War I.When Wilhelm II declared a state of war in Germany on July 31, the commanders of the army corps (German: Stellvertretende Generalkommandos) took control of the administration, including implementing a policy of press censorship, which was carried out under Walter Nicolai.
In World War I, aircraft were initially intended for aerial reconnaissance, however some pilots began to carry rifles in case they spotted enemy planes.Soon, planes were fitted with machine guns with a variety of mountings; initially the only guns were carried in the rear cockpit supplying defensive fire (this was employed by two-seat aircraft all through the war).
Jana, now 60, has spent the past two years transcribing her father's journal, photo albums, and more than 300 letters sent home during his tours of duty abroad. There's great value in what Jana ...
The 300-letter collection detailed the love between soldier Gilbert Bradley and his lover -- who signed the letters with the initial "G". Decades later it was discovered that his pen pal's name ...
Zeppelin LZ 54, given the military tactical designation L 19, was a Zeppelin of the Imperial German Navy.While returning from her first bombing raid on the United Kingdom in early 1916, she came down in the North Sea.