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Road traffic safety refers to the methods and measures, such as traffic calming, to prevent road users from being killed or seriously injured. Typical road users include pedestrians , cyclists , motorists , passengers of vehicles, and passengers of on-road public transport , mainly buses and trams .
A traffic collision in Japan, 2007 The aftermath of an accident involving a jackknifing truck, Mozambique, Africa. A traffic collision, also known as a motor vehicle collision, or car crash, occurs when a vehicle collides with another vehicle, pedestrian, animal, road debris, or other moving or stationary obstruction, such as a tree, pole or building.
A study by IIT Delhi points out that the national highways constitute only 2% of the length of roads in India, but they account for 30.3% of total road accidents and 36% of deaths. [2] [3] The NCRB data for 2021 shows 17,993 accidents in Indian Railways, a rise in 38% compared to the year 2020, with most accidents in Maharashtra. [4]
Most researchers who study unintentional injury avoid using the term accident and focus on factors that increase risk of severe injury and that reduce injury incidence and severity. [2] For example, when a tree falls down during a wind storm , its fall may not have been caused by humans, but the tree's type, size, health, location, or improper ...
A transport accident is any accident or incident that occurs during any type of transportation, including those occurring during road transport, rail transport, marine transport and air transport. [1] It can refer to: a road traffic incident (including vehicle collision, pedestrian–bicycle collisions, pedestrian–pedestrian collisions etc.)
Road traffic collisions generally fall into one of five common types: Lane departure crashes, which occur when a driver leaves the lane they are in and collides with another vehicle or a roadside object. These include head-on collisions and roadway departure collisions. Collisions at junctions, including rear-end collision and angle or side impacts
In road safety management, an accident blackspot or black spot is a place where road traffic collisions have historically been concentrated. It may have occurred for a variety of reasons, such as a sharp drop or corner in a straight road, so oncoming traffic is concealed, a hidden junction on a fast road, poor or concealed warning signs at a ...
Fatal injury. To be used where death occurs within thirty consecutive 24-hour time periods from the time of the crash. Incapacitating injury. Any injury, other than a fatal injury, which prevents the injured person from walking, driving or normally continuing the activities the person was capable of performing before the injury occurred.