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American women never served in combat roles (as did some Russians), but many were eager to serve as nurses and support personnel in uniform. [69] During the course of the war, 21,498 U.S. Army nurses (American military nurses were all women then) served in military hospitals in the United States and overseas.
"Historiographic Essay: The legacy of domesticity: nursing in early nineteenth-century America." Nursing History Review1.1 (1993): 229-246. Dawley, Katy. "Perspectives on the past, view of the present: relationship between nurse-midwifery and nursing in the United States." Nursing Clinics of North America (2002) 37#4 pp: 747–755.
During World War I, Jane stayed on the home front and organized nurses to go overseas and work with wounded soldiers. She was in charge of over 20,000 nurses, who all worked in vital roles overseas in the war. In 1918, Jane went to Europe to attend a nursing conference and to continue her work. However, she fell ill there and passed away in 1919.
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Mary Eliza Mahoney (May 7, 1845 – January 4, 1926) was the first African-American to study and work as a professionally trained nurse in the United States.In 1879, Mahoney was the first African American to graduate from an American school of nursing.
The American Red Cross Nursing Service was organized in 1909 by Jane Arminda Delano (1862-1919). A nurse and member of the American Red Cross , Delano organized the nursing service as the reserve of the Army Nurse Corps to be ready just before the entry of the United States into World War I .
Inspired by her work, she published her first book, The Tuberculosis Nurse in 1914. [3] In 1915, she volunteered as one of the first American war nurses to go to Europe and treat soldiers in World War I. [4] She was encouraged to do so by her friend, the American author Gertrude Stein, who at the time lived in Paris. [3]
The President of the United States of America, authorized by Act of Congress, July 9, 1918, takes pleasure in presenting the Army Distinguished Service Medal to Chief Nurse Julia C. Stimson, United States Army Nurse Corps, for exceptionally meritorious and distinguished services to the Government of the United States, in a duty of great responsibility during World War I.