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NTX accounts for only about 1% of the scorpion venom. [7] NTX is one of the best-studied toxic peptides from scorpion venoms . [ 6 ] It was the second purified toxin obtained from the genus Centruroides after neurotoxin II [ 8 ] and the first short peptide from scorpion venom to be reported in the literature. [ 9 ]
The crude venom of T. serrulatus contains different toxins. Some of the strongest derivates are the neurotoxins tityustoxin and toxin Ts-g. [3] Two types of toxins are considered to be responsible for the main toxic effect: toxin gamma (a β-type toxin) and tityustoxin (TsTX, an α-type toxin), both with a specific affinity to the sodium channel. [4]
Tityus serrulatus, the Brazilian yellow scorpion, is a species of scorpion of the family Buthidae. It is native to Brazil , and its venom is extremely toxic. [ 1 ] It is the most dangerous scorpion in South America and is responsible for the most fatal cases.
Scorpion toxins are proteins found in the venom of scorpions.Their toxic effect may be mammal- or insect-specific and acts by binding with varying degrees of specificity to members of the Voltage-gated ion channel superfamily; specifically, voltage-gated sodium channels, voltage-gated potassium channels, [3] and Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) channels.
In another context, the scorpion portrays human sexuality. [10] Scorpions are used in folk medicine in South Asia, especially in antidotes for scorpion stings. [10] One of the earliest occurrences of the scorpion in culture is its inclusion, as Scorpio, in the 12 signs of the Zodiac by Babylonian astronomers during the Chaldean period. [12]
The deathstalker is one of the most dangerous species of scorpions. [10] [11] Its venom is a powerful mixture of neurotoxins, with a low lethal dose. [12]While a sting from this scorpion is extraordinarily painful, it normally would not kill a healthy adult human.
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The Kalium Database is a manually curated biomedical database on K + channel ligands found in the venom of scorpions, spiders, sea anemones, cone snails, snakes, centipedes, bees, and more. [1] The first release of the Kalium Database was dedicated to scorpion toxins only, [ 2 ] while its second release (Kalium 2.0) included toxins from other ...