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The binary logical operators returned a Boolean value in early versions of JavaScript, but now they return one of the operands instead. The left–operand is returned, if it can be evaluated as : false , in the case of conjunction : ( a && b ), or true , in the case of disjunction : ( a || b ); otherwise the right–operand is returned.
In certain computer programming languages, the Elvis operator, often written ?:, is a binary operator that evaluates its first operand and returns it if its value is logically true (according to a language-dependent convention, in other words, a truthy value), and otherwise evaluates and returns its second operand.
In JavaScript, bitwise operators convert their operands to 32-bit signed integers and give integer results. This means that a bitwise OR with zero converts a value to an integer (a very simple "conceptual" presentation of bitwise operators may not deal with type conversion at all, but every programming language defines operators for its own ...
and | are bitwise operators that occur in many programming languages. The major difference is that bitwise operations operate on the individual bits of a binary numeral, whereas conditional operators operate on logical operations. Additionally, expressions before and after a bitwise operator are always evaluated.
The null coalescing operator is a binary operator that is part of the syntax for a basic conditional expression in several programming languages, such as (in alphabetical order): C# [1] since version 2.0, [2] Dart [3] since version 1.12.0, [4] PHP since version 7.0.0, [5] Perl since version 5.10 as logical defined-or, [6] PowerShell since 7.0.0, [7] and Swift [8] as nil-coalescing operator.
The ternary operator can also be viewed as a binary map operation. In R—and other languages with literal expression tuples—one can simulate the ternary operator with something like the R expression c (expr1, expr2)[1 + condition] (this idiom is slightly more natural in languages with 0-origin subscripts).
JavaScript is weakly typed, which means certain types are implicitly cast depending on the operation used. [63] The binary + operator casts both operands to a string unless both operands are numbers. This is because the addition operator doubles as a concatenation operator; The binary -operator always casts both operands to a number
[1] [2] Indeed, a Boolean variable may be regarded (and implemented) as a numerical variable with one binary digit , or as a bit string of length one, which can store only two values. The implementation of Booleans in computers are most likely represented as a full word , rather than a bit; this is usually due to the ways computers transfer ...