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Red yeast rice or red rice koji is a bright reddish purple fermented rice, which acquires its color from being cultivated with the mold Monascus purpureus.Red yeast rice is what is referred to as a kōji in Japanese, meaning "grain or bean overgrown with a mold culture", a food preparation tradition going back to ca. 300 BC.
Oryza rufipogon, also known as wild rice and red rice. Red rice, also known as weedy rice, a low-yielding rice variety that persists as a weed in fields of better-quality rice. Thai Red Cargo rice, a non-glutinous long grain rice variety. Bhutanese red rice, a medium-grain rice grown in the Kingdom of Bhutan in the eastern Himalayas.
M. purpureus has been used for over a thousand years in oriental fermented foods, including red kōji-kin, red yeast rice, or ank-kak, rice wine, kaoliang brandy, and as the coloring agent for Peking duck.
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The red yeast rice fungus, Monascus purpureus, can synthesize three statins. Statins are an important class of cholesterol-lowering drugs; the first generation of statins were derived from fungi. [10] Lovastatin, the first commercial statin, was extracted from a fermentation broth of Aspergillus terreus. [10]
Japanese authorities on Wednesday ordered drugmaker Kobayashi Pharmaceutical to recall three dietary supplement products containing red yeast rice, or beni koji, after they were linked to two deaths.