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  2. Irreducible fraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irreducible_fraction

    The notion of irreducible fraction generalizes to the field of fractions of any unique factorization domain: any element of such a field can be written as a fraction in which denominator and numerator are coprime, by dividing both by their greatest common divisor. [7] This applies notably to rational expressions over a field. The irreducible ...

  3. Greedy algorithm for Egyptian fractions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greedy_algorithm_for...

    In mathematics, the greedy algorithm for Egyptian fractions is a greedy algorithm, first described by Fibonacci, for transforming rational numbers into Egyptian fractions. An Egyptian fraction is a representation of an irreducible fraction as a sum of distinct unit fractions, such as ⁠ 5 / 6 ⁠ = ⁠ 1 / 2 ⁠ + ⁠ 1 / 3 ⁠.

  4. Irreducibility (mathematics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irreducibility_(mathematics)

    A 3-manifold is P²-irreducible if it is irreducible and contains no 2-sided (real projective plane). An irreducible fraction (or fraction in lowest terms) is a vulgar fraction in which the numerator and denominator are smaller than those in any other equivalent fraction.

  5. Eisenstein's criterion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eisenstein's_criterion

    Consider the polynomial Q(x) = 3x 4 + 15x 2 + 10.In order for Eisenstein's criterion to apply for a prime number p it must divide both non-leading coefficients 15 and 10, which means only p = 5 could work, and indeed it does since 5 does not divide the leading coefficient 3, and its square 25 does not divide the constant coefficient 10.

  6. Irreducible polynomial - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irreducible_polynomial

    In mathematics, an irreducible polynomial is, roughly speaking, a polynomial that cannot be factored into the product of two non-constant polynomials.The property of irreducibility depends on the nature of the coefficients that are accepted for the possible factors, that is, the ring to which the coefficients of the polynomial and its possible factors are supposed to belong.

  7. Rational number - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rational_number

    In mathematics, "rational" is often used as a noun abbreviating "rational number". The adjective rational sometimes means that the coefficients are rational numbers. For example, a rational point is a point with rational coordinates (i.e., a point whose coordinates are rational numbers); a rational matrix is a matrix of rational numbers; a rational polynomial may be a polynomial with rational ...

  8. Ford circle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ford_circle

    The Ford circle associated with the fraction / is denoted by [/] or [,]. There is a Ford circle associated with every rational number . In addition, the line y = 1 {\displaystyle y=1} is counted as a Ford circle – it can be thought of as the Ford circle associated with infinity , which is the case p = 1 , q = 0. {\displaystyle p=1,q=0.}

  9. Friendly number - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friendly_number

    All prime numbers are known to be solitary, as are powers of prime numbers. More generally, if the numbers n and σ(n) are coprime – meaning that the greatest common divisor of these numbers is 1, so that σ(n)/n is an irreducible fraction – then the number n is solitary (sequence A014567 in the OEIS).