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  2. Copernican heliocentrism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copernican_heliocentrism

    In addition, Copernicus's theory provided a strikingly simple explanation for the apparent retrograde motions of the planets—namely as parallactic displacements resulting from the Earth's motion around the Sun—an important consideration in Johannes Kepler's conviction that the theory was substantially correct. [53]

  3. Copernican principle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copernican_principle

    Copernicus proposed that the motion of the planets could be explained by reference to an assumption that the Sun is centrally located and stationary in contrast to the geocentrism. He argued that the apparent retrograde motion of the planets is an illusion caused by Earth's movement around the Sun , which the Copernican model placed at the ...

  4. Copernican Revolution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copernican_Revolution

    Motion of Sun (yellow), Earth (blue), and Mars (red). At left, Copernicus' heliocentric motion. At right, traditional geocentric motion, including the retrograde motion of Mars. For simplicity, Mars' period of revolution is depicted as 2 years instead of 1.88, and orbits are depicted as perfectly circular or epitrochoid.

  5. Nicolaus Copernicus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolaus_Copernicus

    Copernicanism was absurd, according to Tolosani, because it was scientifically unproven and unfounded. First, Copernicus had assumed the motion of the Earth but offered no physical theory whereby one would deduce this motion. (No one realized that the investigation into Copernicanism would result in a rethinking of the entire field of physics ...

  6. Deferent and epicycle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deferent_and_epicycle

    Copernicus' work provided explanations for phenomena like retrograde motion, but really did not prove that the planets actually orbited the Sun. The deferent ( O ) is offset from the Earth ( T ). P is the center of the epicycle of the Sun S .

  7. Commentariolus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commentariolus

    The Commentariolus (Little Commentary) is Nicolaus Copernicus's brief outline of an early version of his revolutionary heliocentric theory of the universe. [1] After further long development of his theory, Copernicus published the mature version in 1543 in his landmark work, De revolutionibus orbium coelestium (On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres).

  8. Archaeologists Found a 500-Year-Old Compass—Turns Out It May ...

    www.aol.com/archaeologists-found-500-old-compass...

    This story is a collaboration with Biography.com.. Far back in 1508, with only limited tools at his disposal, Nicolaus Copernicus developed a celestial model of a heliocentric planetary system ...

  9. Kepler's laws of planetary motion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kepler's_laws_of_planetary...

    In astronomy, Kepler's laws of planetary motion, published by Johannes Kepler in 1609 (except the third law, and was fully published in 1619), describe the orbits of planets around the Sun. These laws replaced circular orbits and epicycles in the heliocentric theory of Nicolaus Copernicus with elliptical orbits and explained how planetary ...