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Budesonide, sold under the brand name Pulmicort, among others, is a steroid medication. [8] It is available as an inhaler, nebulization solution, pill, nasal spray, and rectal forms. [8] [9] The inhaled form is used in the long-term management of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Clenbuterol is approved for use in some countries as a bronchodilator for asthma. [medical citation needed]Clenbuterol is a β 2 agonist with some structural and pharmacological similarities to epinephrine and salbutamol, but its effects are more potent and longer-lasting as a stimulant and thermogenic drug.
In 2013, the drug was approved for use in the United States by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for long-term maintenance treatment of airflow obstruction in people with COPD, including chronic bronchitis and emphysema, [6] and the European Medicines Agency approved it as a second-line therapy for the treatment of COPD and asthma. [7]
Stable chronic bronchitis can be defined as the normal definition of chronic bronchitis, plus the absence of an acute exacerbation in the previous four weeks. [45] A Cochrane review found that mucolytics in chronic bronchitis may slightly decrease the chance of developing an exacerbation. [ 63 ]
Short-acting medications provide quick or "rescue" relief from acute bronchoconstriction. Long-acting bronchodilators help to control and prevent symptoms. The three types of prescription bronchodilating drugs are beta-2 adrenergic agonists (short- and long-acting), anticholinergics (short- and long-acting), and theophylline (long-acting).
Benzonatate is a prescription non-opioid alternative for the symptomatic relief of cough.[7] [9] It has been found to improve cough associated with a variety of respiratory conditions including asthma, bronchitis, pneumonia, tuberculosis, pneumothorax, opioid-resistant cough in lung cancer, and emphysema.