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These estimates are applicable to an array of satellites orbiting the Earth. For space vehicles or space stations, the range of communications is estimated to increase up to 10,000 km (6,200 mi). [83] This approach to secure space-to-space communications was selected by Laser Focus World as one of the top photonics developments of 2015. [84]
The Laser Communications Relay Demonstration (LCRD) is a NASA mission that will test laser communication in space for extremely long distances, [1] between Earth and geosynchronous orbit. After being integrated into STPSat-6 , a part of STP-3 , LCRD launched on 7 December 2021 on an Atlas V 551.
Liquid helium-cooled, unused today. F-center laser 2.3-3.3 μm Ion laser Spectroscopy Optically pumped semiconductor laser 920 nm-1.35 μm Laser diode Projection, life sciences, forensic analysis, spectroscopy, eye surgery, laser light shows. The lasing medium is a semiconductor chip.
The sealed container houses the electronics, avionics, the communications laser, and a custom power board pressurized to 1 atmosphere with air to keep the electronics cool. [7] [10] The laser uses a light wavelength of 1,550 nanometers with 2.5 watts of power [11] [12] and has a 2.2 centimeter diameter aperture.
However, free-space optics based on 1550 nm wavelength, have considerably lower optical loss than free-space optics using 830 nm wavelength, in dense fog conditions. FSO using wavelength 1550 nm system are capable of transmitting several times higher power than systems with 850 nm and are safe to the human eye (1M class).
The laser beams from the spacecraft will be received by the 200 inch (5 m) Hale Telescope at Palomar Observatory in California. [4] Laser beams to the spacecraft will be sent from a smaller telescope at the Table Mountain Observatory in California. First light was achieved on 14 November 2023. [5]
Satellite laser ranging (SLR) is a method to measure the distance to satellites in a geocentric orbit. It consists of an astronomical observatory equipped with a laser that sends ultrashort pulses of light. The pulses hit the satellite and bounce back to be caught by the station, which measure the round trip time with the speed of light formula ...
The oldest form of astronomy, optical or visible-light astronomy, observes wavelengths of light from approximately 400 to 700 nm. [149] Positioning an optical telescope in space eliminates the distortions and limitations that hamper that ground-based optical telescopes (see Astronomical seeing ), providing higher resolution images.