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An aortic aneurysm is an enlargement (dilatation) of the aorta to greater than 1.5 times normal size. [1] Typically, there are no symptoms except when the aneurysm dissects or ruptures, which causes sudden, severe pain in the abdomen and lower back. [2] [3] The etiology remains an area of active research.
An aneurysm is an outward bulging, likened to a bubble or balloon, caused by a localized, abnormal, weak spot on a blood vessel wall. [1] Aneurysms may be a result of a hereditary condition or an acquired disease. Aneurysms can also be a nidus (starting point) for clot formation and embolization.
Clarke had brain aneurysms, also called cerebral aneurysms, which affect about 5 percent of the population, the American Heart Association noted. The most common type is a "berry aneurysm," a term ...
The risk of rupture is less than one percent for aneurysms of this size. [44] The prognosis for a ruptured cerebral aneurysm depends on the extent and location of the aneurysm, the person's age, general health, and neurological condition. Some individuals with a ruptured cerebral aneurysm die from the initial bleeding.
Thoracic aortic aneurysms occur on the aorta as it passes through the chest cavity. These are less common than abdominal aneurysms. Small aneurysms generally pose no threat. However, aneurysms increase the risk for: [citation needed] Atherosclerotic plaques to form at the site of the aneurysm, which causes further weakening of the artery wall.
While most cases are due to bleeding from small aneurysms, larger aneurysms (which are less common) are more likely to rupture. [4] Aspirin also appears to increase the risk. [24] In 15–20 percent of cases of spontaneous SAH, no aneurysm is detected on the first angiogram. [22]
A recent study has shown no significant difference in mortality at 24 hours or 30 days between ratios of 1:1:1 and 1:1:2 of plasma to platelets to packed RBCs. However, patients that received the more balanced ratio of 1:1:1 were less likely to die as a result of exsanguination in 24 hours and were more likely to achieve hemostasis.
The most common cause is an abdominal aortic aneurysm that has ruptured spontaneously. Aortic rupture is distinct from aortic dissection , which is a tear through the inner wall of the aorta that can block the flow of blood through the aorta to the heart or abdominal organs .