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of or pertaining to the heart: Greek καρδία (kardía), heart cardiology: carp-of or pertaining to the wrist: Latin carpus < Greek καρπός (karpós), wrist; NOTE: This root should not be confused with the mirror root carp(o)- meaning fruit. carpal, carpopedal spasm, metacarpal cata-down, under Greek κατά (katá) catabolism ...
Electromyography (EMG) is a technique for evaluating and recording the electrical activity produced by skeletal muscles. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] EMG is performed using an instrument called an electromyograph to produce a record called an electromyogram .
The heart is the muscle that pumps oxygenated blood to the whole body. In order for the heart to contract in a regular, organized manner, specific electrical signals are sent to the myocardium from the pacemaker cells. These cardiac, electrical signals produce a peculiar pattern that can be measured and analyzed.
In a normal heart, the heart rate is the rate at which the sinoatrial node depolarizes since it is the source of depolarization of the heart. Heart rate, like other vital signs such as blood pressure and respiratory rate, change with age. In adults, a normal heart rate is between 60 and 100 bpm (normocardic), whereas it is higher in children. [57]
Over time, newer techniques, such as somatosensory evoked potentials, single fiber electromyography, autonomic testing, and neuromuscular ultrasound have evolved as useful complementary techniques to nerve conduction studies and elecytromyography, which remain the core of electrodiagnostic medicine. [citation needed]
When electrical recordings are made from the skin, it is considered to be an ECG as described above.However, electrical recordings made from within the heart such as with an artificial cardiac pacemaker or during an electrophysiology study, the signals recorded are considered an "electrogram" instead of an ECG.
A slow heart rate of 60 or less beats per minute is defined as bradycardia. A fast heart rate of more than 100 beats per minute is defined as tachycardia. An arrhythmia is defined as one that is not physiological such as the lowered heart rate that a trained athlete may naturally have developed; the resting heart rates may be less than 60 bpm.
Electromyography (EMG) records the electrical activity produced by skeletal muscles. It records various types of muscle signals from simple relaxation by using placing electrodes on the subject's forehead, to complex neuromuscular feedback during stroke rehabilitation.