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Generic Mapping Tools [16] Map generation and analysis Lamont–Doherty and University of Hawaii: GPL: Cross-platform: C: Implemented in OpendTect GPlates [17] Interactive visualization of plate tectonics University of Sydney, Caltech, NGU: GPL: Cross-platform: C++, Python: Implements GPML: OpenStereo [18] [19] Geoscience plotting tool
Other attributes commonly used include: coherence, azimuth, dip, instantaneous amplitude, response amplitude, response phase, instantaneous bandwidth, AVO, and spectral decomposition. A seismic attribute that can indicate the presence or absence of hydrocarbons is known as a direct hydrocarbon indicator.
Quantitative seismic attribute analysis of amplitude versus offset effects is complicated by anelastic attenuation because it is superimposed upon the AVO effects. [3] The rate of anelastic attenuation itself also contains additional information about the lithology and reservoir conditions such as porosity , saturation and pore pressure so it ...
Seismic attribute analysis involves extracting or deriving a quantity from seismic data that can be analysed in order to enhance information that might be more subtle in a traditional seismic image, leading to a better geological or geophysical interpretation of the data. [50]
Preliminary analysis of geological context of the domain of study. Interpretation of available data and observations as point sets or polygonal lines (e.g. "fault sticks" corresponding to faults on a vertical seismic section). Construction of a structural model describing the main rock boundaries (horizons, unconformities, intrusions, faults) [4]
This is known as a Common Midpoint Gather [8] (a midpoint being the area of the subsurface that a seismic wave reflects off before returning to the receiver) and in a typical seismic reflection processing workflow, the average amplitude would be calculated along the time sample, in a process known as "stacking". This process significantly ...
Seismic data is band-limited, reducing resolution and quality. To extend the frequency band available, low-frequency data is derived from log data, pre-stack depth or time migrated velocities and/or a regional gradient. [5] High frequency can be derived from well control or geostatistical analysis.
Seismic analysis is a subset of structural analysis and is the calculation of the response of a building (or nonbuilding) structure to earthquakes. It is part of the process of structural design , earthquake engineering or structural assessment and retrofit (see structural engineering ) in regions where earthquakes are prevalent.