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  2. Insulated-gate bipolar transistor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulated-gate_bipolar...

    The IGBT accounts for 27% of the power transistor market, second only to the power MOSFET (53%), and ahead of the RF amplifier (11%) and bipolar junction transistor (9%). [35] The IGBT is widely used in consumer electronics, industrial technology, the energy sector, aerospace electronic devices, and transportation.

  3. Optical power budget - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_power_budget

    The optical power budget (also fiber-optic link budget and loss budget) in a fiber-optic communication link is the allocation of available optical power (launched into a given fiber by a given source) among various loss-producing mechanisms such as launch coupling loss, fiber attenuation, splice losses, and connector losses, in order to ensure that adequate signal strength (optical power) is ...

  4. Link budget - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Link_budget

    A link budget is an accounting of all of the power gains and losses that a communication signal experiences in a telecommunication system; from a transmitter, through a communication medium such as radio waves, cable, waveguide, or optical fiber, to the receiver.

  5. Path loss - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Path_loss

    Path loss is a major component in the analysis and design of the link budget of a telecommunication system. This term is commonly used in wireless communications and signal propagation. Path loss may be due to many effects, such as free-space loss, refraction, diffraction, reflection, aperture-medium coupling loss, and absorption. Path loss is ...

  6. Free-space path loss - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free-space_path_loss

    In telecommunications, the free-space path loss (FSPL) (also known as free-space loss, FSL) is the attenuation of radio energy between the feedpoints of two antennas that results from the combination of the receiving antenna's capture area plus the obstacle-free, line-of-sight (LoS) path through free space (usually air). [1]

  7. Insertion loss - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insertion_loss

    In telecommunications, insertion loss is the loss of signal power resulting from the insertion of a device in a transmission line or optical fiber and is usually expressed in decibels (dB). If the power transmitted to the load before insertion is P T and the power received by the load after insertion is P R, then the insertion loss in decibels ...

  8. Mismatch loss - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mismatch_loss

    Mismatch loss represents the amount of power wasted in the system [dubious – discuss]. It can also be thought of as the amount of power gained if the system was perfectly matched [dubious – discuss]. Impedance matching is an important part of RF system design; however, in practice there will likely be some degree of mismatch loss. [1]

  9. Dielectric loss - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dielectric_loss

    It can be parameterized in terms of either the loss angle δ or the corresponding loss tangent tan(δ). Both refer to the phasor in the complex plane whose real and imaginary parts are the resistive (lossy) component of an electromagnetic field and its reactive (lossless) counterpart.