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The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) is a psychological assessment instrument comprising 22 symptom items pertaining to occupational burnout. [1] The original form of the MBI was developed by Christina Maslach and Susan E. Jackson with the goal of assessing an individual's experience of burnout. [ 2 ]
Christina Maslach (born January 21, 1946) [1] is an American social psychologist and professor emerita of psychology at the University of California, Berkeley, [2] known for her research on occupational burnout. [3] She is a co-author of the Maslach Burnout Inventory [4] and Areas of Worklife Survey. [5]
This model suggests burnout consists of three interrelated parts: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and diminished personal accomplishment. Diminished personal accomplishment refers to negative evaluations of the self. [7] [8] [9] Some new perspectives on how to prevent burnout, also suggested by Christina Maslach, include two approaches.
In 1981, Maslach and fellow American psychologist Susan E. Jackson published an instrument for assessing occupational burnout, the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). [2] It was the first such instrument of its kind, and soon became the most widely used measure of occupational burnout. [ 45 ]
There are two schools of thought with regard to the definition of work engagement. On the one hand Maslach and Leiter assume that a continuum exists with burnout and engagement as two opposite poles. [3] The second school of thought operationalizes engagement in its own right as the positive antithesis of burnout. [4]
Susan E. Jackson is an American researcher in the fields of managing for environmental sustainability, strategic human resource management, occupational burnout, and work team diversity. [1] She was the co-author of the Maslach Burnout Inventory in 1981, [ 2 ] the primary diagnostic instrument for the condition of occupational burnout.
Occupational health psychology (OHP) is an interdisciplinary area of psychology that is concerned with the health and safety of workers. [1] [2] [3] OHP addresses a number of major topic areas including the impact of occupational stressors on physical and mental health, the impact of involuntary unemployment on physical and mental health, work-family balance, workplace violence and other forms ...
Maslach concluded that when there is a lack of explanation for an arousal it will cause a negative emotion, which will evoke either anger or fear. However, Maslach did mention a limitation that there might have been more negative emotion self-reported because there are more terms referring to negative emotions than to positive ones.