Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
In 1890, Rydberg proposed on a formula describing the relation between the wavelengths in spectral lines of alkali metals. [2]: v1:376 He noticed that lines came in series and he found that he could simplify his calculations using the wavenumber (the number of waves occupying the unit length, equal to 1/λ, the inverse of the wavelength) as his unit of measurement.
Full width at half maximum. In a distribution, full width at half maximum (FWHM) is the difference between the two values of the independent variable at which the dependent variable is equal to half of its maximum value.
Similarly to Lyman-alpha, the K-alpha emission is composed of two spectral lines, K-alpha 1 (Kα 1) and K-alpha 2 (Kα 2). [6] The K-alpha 1 emission is slightly higher in energy (and, thus, has a lower wavelength) than the K-alpha 2 emission. For all elements, the ratio of the intensities of K-alpha 1 and K-alpha 2 is very close to 2:1. [7]
One particle: N particles: One dimension ^ = ^ + = + ^ = = ^ + (,,) = = + (,,) where the position of particle n is x n. = + = = +. (,) = /.There is a further restriction — the solution must not grow at infinity, so that it has either a finite L 2-norm (if it is a bound state) or a slowly diverging norm (if it is part of a continuum): [1] ‖ ‖ = | |.
The red H-alpha spectral line of the Balmer series of atomic hydrogen, which is the transition from the shell n = 3 to the shell n = 2, is one of the conspicuous colours of the universe. It contributes a bright red line to the spectra of emission or ionisation nebula, like the Orion Nebula , which are often H II regions found in star forming ...
Sigmoid functions most often show a return value (y axis) in the range 0 to 1. Another commonly used range is from −1 to 1. A wide variety of sigmoid functions including the logistic and hyperbolic tangent functions have been used as the activation function of artificial neurons.
A Gaussian function is the wave function of the ground state of the quantum harmonic oscillator. The molecular orbitals used in computational chemistry can be linear combinations of Gaussian functions called Gaussian orbitals (see also basis set (chemistry)).
1-dimensional corollaries for two sinusoidal waves. The following may be deduced by applying the principle of superposition to two sinusoidal waves, using trigonometric identities. The angle addition and sum-to-product trigonometric formulae are useful; in more advanced work complex numbers and fourier series and transforms are used.