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They believed the term "functional itch disorder" was the best phrase to describe this condition, avoiding the use of the word "psychogenic". To diagnose a patient with functional itch disorder, the patient should meet three required criteria and three of seven optional criteria. [2] Diagnostic Criteria: [2] 3 Required criteria
Also, because scratching or putting pressure on the referred itch does not cause the stimulus area to itch, the relationship between the stimulus and the referred itch is unidirectional. [2] The itching sensation is spontaneous and can cease with continued stimulation. There are two types of referred itch: normal and acquired (pathological).
In a normal case, the swelling will decrease without treatment within 15–30 minutes, but, in extreme cases, itchy red welts may last anywhere from a few hours to days. In some cases, welts are accompanied with a painful burning sensation. [3] This calls for more urgent treatment as the condition can impact on the patient's quality of life.
If the sensation of itching persists for six weeks or longer, then it is called chronic itch or chronic pruritus. [4] [5] Chronic idiopathic pruritus or Chronic Pruritus of Unknown Origin is a form of itch that persists for longer than six weeks, and for which no clear cause can be identified. [6] [7]
High concentration topical capsaicin (8%, Qutenza) have been shown to be highly effective in treating neuropathic itch in some patients [12] [13] (including notalgia paresthetica) as well as in a recent proof-of-concept study. [14] Most recently intradermal injections of botulinum toxin type A (Botox) have been tried with some success. Even ...
The exact mechanism of the condition is unknown. Some studies have suggested the itching occurs in response to increased fibrinolytic activity in the skin, [5] [6] inappropriate activation of the sympathetic nervous system, [7] increased activity of acetylcholinesterase, [8] [9] or an increase in mast cell degranulation that releases histamine and other chemicals into the body.