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The evolution of sexual reproduction contains two related yet distinct themes: its origin and its maintenance. Bacteria and Archaea ( prokaryotes ) have processes that can transfer DNA from one cell to another ( conjugation , transformation , and transduction [ 4 ] ), but it is unclear if these processes are evolutionarily related to sexual ...
Sexual selection creates colourful differences between sexes in Goldie's bird-of-paradise.Male above; female below. Painting by John Gerrard Keulemans.. Sexual selection is a mechanism of evolution in which members of one biological sex choose mates of the other sex to mate with (intersexual selection), and compete with members of the same sex for access to members of the opposite sex ...
This has shaped human evolution for many years, but reasons why humans choose their mates are not fully understood. Sexual selection is quite different in non-human animals than humans as they feel more of the evolutionary pressures to reproduce and can easily reject a mate. [ 2 ]
Some animals, such as mice, assess a mate's genetic compatibility based on their urine odor. [ 41 ] In an experiment studying three-spined sticklebacks , researchers found that females prefer to mate with males that share a greater diversity of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and in addition possess a MHC haplotype specific to fighting ...
Convergent evolution is the process in which related or distantly related organisms evolve similar characteristics independently. This type of evolution creates analogous structures which have a similar function, structure, or form between the two species. For example, sharks and dolphins look alike but they are not related.
Many animals have hair or fur to keep them warm. Think about the enormous polar bear and its thick coat of fur. However, researchers found when the hair was sparse, like on elephants, it serves as ...
Evolutionary physiology is the study of the biological evolution of physiological structures and processes; that is, the manner in which the functional characteristics of organisms have responded to natural selection or sexual selection or changed by random genetic drift across multiple generations during the history of a population or species. [2]
Some chromosomal sex determination systems in animals A sex-determination system is a biological system that determines the development of sexual characteristics in an organism . [ 1 ] Most organisms that create their offspring using sexual reproduction have two common sexes, males and females , and in other species, there are hermaphrodites ...