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By contrast those developing the biotic pump concept state that “forest and trees are prime regulators within the water, energy and carbon cycles.” [6] In areas were there is more rain is currently being evaporated (on land versus over the ocean), the atmospheric volume decreases at a much quicker rater. This causes low pressure to form ...
The tree will make a sound, even if nobody heard it, simply because it could have been heard. The answer to this question depends on the definition of sound. We can define sound as our perception of air vibrations. Therefore, sound does not exist if we do not hear it. When a tree falls, the motion disturbs the air and sends off air waves.
Some rain collecting on an acer leaf. Interception [ 1 ] refers to precipitation that does not reach the soil, but is instead intercepted by the leaves, branches of plants and the forest floor. It occurs in the canopy (i.e. canopy interception ), and in the forest floor or litter layer (i.e. forest floor interception [ 2 ] ).
Drier surroundings give a steeper water potential gradient, and so increase the rate of transpiration. Wind: In still air, water lost due to transpiration can accumulate in the form of vapor close to the leaf surface. This will reduce the rate of water loss, as the water potential gradient from inside to outside of the leaf is then slightly less.
Effect of a rain shadow The Tibetan Plateau (center), perhaps the best example of a rain shadow. Rainfalls from the southern South Asian monsoon do not make it far past the Himalayas (seen by the snow line at the bottom), leading to an arid climate on the leeward (north) side of the mountain range and the desertification of the Tarim Basin (top).
Wind throw is the toppling of a tree due to the force of the wind, this exposes the root plate and adjacent soil beneath the tree and influences slope stability. Wind throw is a factor when considering one tree on a slope; however, it is of lesser importance when considering general slope stability for a body of trees as the wind forces involved represent a smaller percentage of the potential ...
Water returns to the land surface at lower elevation than where it infiltrated, under the force of gravity or gravity induced pressures. Groundwater tends to move slowly and is replenished slowly, so it can remain in aquifers for thousands of years. Transpiration: The release of water vapor from plants and soil into the air.
The main ways water vapor is added to the air are: wind convergence into areas of upward motion, [12] precipitation or virga falling from above, [24] daytime heating evaporating water from the surface of oceans, water bodies or wet land, [25] transpiration from plants, [26] cool or dry air moving over warmer water, [27] and lifting air over ...