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  2. Mass fraction (chemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_fraction_(chemistry)

    Mass fraction (chemistry) In chemistry, the mass fraction of a substance within a mixture is the ratio (alternatively denoted ) of the mass of that substance to the total mass of the mixture. [1] Expressed as a formula, the mass fraction is: Because the individual masses of the ingredients of a mixture sum to , their mass fractions sum to unity:

  3. Volume fraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volume_fraction

    Volume fraction. In chemistry and fluid mechanics, the volume fraction is defined as the volume of a constituent Vi divided by the volume of all constituents of the mixture V prior to mixing: [1] Being dimensionless, its unit is 1; it is expressed as a number, e.g., 0.18. It is the same concept as volume percent (vol%) except that the latter is ...

  4. Useful conversions and formulas for air dispersion modeling

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Useful_conversions_and...

    Wind speed conversion factors. Meteorological data includes wind speeds which may be expressed as statute miles per hour, knots, or meters per second. Here are the conversion factors for those various expressions of wind speed: 1 m/s = 2.237 statute mile/h = 1.944 knots. 1 knot = 1.151 statute mile/h = 0.514 m/s.

  5. Lever rule - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lever_rule

    Lever rule. In chemistry, the lever rule is a formula used to determine the mole fraction (xi) or the mass fraction (wi) of each phase of a binary equilibrium phase diagram. It can be used to determine the fraction of liquid and solid phases for a given binary composition and temperature that is between the liquidus and solidus line.

  6. Atmospheric chemistry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmospheric_chemistry

    t. e. Atmospheric chemistry is a branch of atmospheric science in which the chemistry of the Earth's atmosphere and that of other planets is studied. [1] It is a multidisciplinary approach of research and draws on environmental chemistry, physics, meteorology, computer modeling, oceanography, geology and volcanology and other disciplines.

  7. Gas composition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_composition

    The standards below are two examples of commonly used and cited publications that provide a composition for standard dry air: ISO TR 29922-2017 provides a definition for standard dry air which specifies an air molar mass of 28,965 46 ± 0,000 17 kg·kmol-1. [2] GPA 2145:2009 is published by the Gas Processors Association.

  8. Gas blending - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_blending

    Gas blending. Gas blending is the process of mixing gases for a specific purpose where the composition of the resulting mixture is specified and controlled. A wide range of applications include scientific and industrial processes, food production and storage and breathing gases. Gas mixtures are usually specified in terms of molar gas fraction ...

  9. Mass balance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_balance

    where w C, w H, w S, w O refer to the mass fraction of each element in the fuel oil, sulfur burning to SO 2, and AFR mass refers to the air-fuel ratio in mass units. For 1 kg of fuel oil containing 86.1% C, 13.6% H, 0.2% O, and 0.1% S the stoichiometric mass of air is 14.56 kg, so AFR = 14.56. The combustion product mass is then 15.56 kg.