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Brachiopod. Brachiopods (/ ˈbrækioʊˌpɒd /), phylum Brachiopoda, are a phylum of trochozoan animals that have hard "valves" (shells) on the upper and lower surfaces, unlike the left and right arrangement in bivalve molluscs. Brachiopod valves are hinged at the rear end, while the front can be opened for feeding or closed for protection.
Evolution of brachiopods. The origin of the brachiopods is uncertain; they either arose from reduction of a multi-plated tubular organism, or from the folding of a slug-like organism with a protective shell on either end. Since their Cambrian origin, the phylum rose to a Palaeozoic dominance, but dwindled during the Mesozoic.
List of living brachiopod species. The following is a taxonomy of extant (living) Brachiopoda by Emig, Bitner & Álvarez (2019). There are over 400 living species and over 120 living genera of brachiopods classified within 3 classes and 5 orders, listed below. Extinct groups are not listed. [1]
Abyssothyris (2 species) Abyssothyris briggsi. Abyssothyris wyvillei. Acanthobasiliola (1 species) Acanthobasiliola doederleini. Acrobelesia (1 species) Acrobelesia cooperi. Acrobrochus (3 species) Acrobrochus blochmanni.
L. waikatoensis Pen, 1930. Synonyms. Ligula, Ligularius, Lingularius, Pharetra. Lingula is a genus of brachiopods within the class Lingulata. Lingula or forms very close in appearance have existed possibly since the Cambrian. Like its relatives, it has two unadorned organo-phosphatic valves and a long fleshy stalk.
A Devonian spiriferid brachiopod from Ohio which served as a host substrate for a colony of hederellids. Spiriferida is an order of extinct articulate brachiopod fossils which are known for their long hinge-line, which is often the widest part of the shell. In some genera (e.g. Mucrospirifer) it is greatly elongated, giving them a wing-like ...
See text. Bryozoa (also known as the Polyzoa, Ectoprocta or commonly as moss animals) [6] are a phylum of simple, aquatic invertebrate animals, nearly all living in sedentary colonies. Typically about 0.5 millimetres (⁄64 in) long, they have a special feeding structure called a lophophore, a "crown" of tentacles used for filter feeding.
This is a list of brachiopod genera which includes both extinct (fossil) forms [1] and extant (living) genera (bolded). [2] Names are according to the conventions of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature .