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Trial by ordeal was an ancient judicial practice by which the guilt or innocence of the accused (called a "proband" [1]) was determined by subjecting them to a painful, or at least an unpleasant, usually dangerous experience. In medieval Europe, like trial by combat, trial by ordeal, such as cruentation, was sometimes considered a "judgement of ...
California's Lone Star coup and declaration of independence, 1836. Las Californias Department established by Las Siete Leyes (The Seven Laws), 1836–1846. Second Federal Republic of Mexico, 1846–1848. Alta California Territory reestablished when 1824 Constitution of Mexico was restored, 1846–1848. Mexican–American War, 1846–1848.
The Hereford Mappa Mundi (Latin: mappa mundi) is the largest medieval map still known to exist, depicting the known world. It is a religious rather than literal depiction, featuring heaven, hell and the path to salvation. Dating from ca. 1300, the map is drawn in a form deriving from the T and O pattern. It is displayed at Hereford Cathedral in ...
Barthelemi Undergoing the Ordeal of Fire (Gustave Doré) Peter Bartholomew (Old French: Pierre Barthelemieu, French: Pierre Barthélemy, c. 1075 – 20 April 1099) was a French soldier and mystic who was part of the First Crusade as part of the army of Raymond of Saint-Gilles. Peter was initially a servant to William, Lord of Cunhlat.
The 1562 map of the Americas, created by Spanish cartographer Diego Gutiérrez, which applied the name California for the first time.. California was the name given to a mythical island populated only by beautiful Amazon warriors, as depicted in Greek myths, using gold tools and weapons in the popular early 16th-century romance novel Las Sergas de Esplandián (The Adventures of Esplandián) by ...
As California became increasingly populated, comprehensive surveying and mapping of its territory seemingly expanded slowly. When gold was discovered in 1848 and it joined the United States as the thirty first state in 1851 and interest in plotting California's landscapes boomed. California quickly became a well-documented piece of the United ...
Athelston is an anonymous Middle English verse romance in 812 lines, dating from the mid or late 14th century. [1][2] Modern scholars often classify it as a "Matter of England" romance, because it deals entirely with pre-Conquest English settings and characters. [3] It is mainly written in twelve-line stanzas rhyming AABCCBDDBEEB, though the ...
Trial by combat. A 1540s depiction of a judicial combat in Augsburg in 1409, between Marshal Wilhelm von Dornsberg and Theodor Haschenacker. Dornsberg's sword broke early in the duel, but he proceeded to kill Haschenacker with his own sword. Trial by combat (also wager of battle, trial by battle or judicial duel) was a method of Germanic law to ...