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Thousands of man-years of work was performed in a matter of hours by the bombe codebreaking machine during World War II. A contemporary example of technological unemployment is the displacement of retail cashiers by self-service tills and cashierless stores. That technological change can cause short-term job losses is widely accepted.
[5] The scientific background for the award also cited the work of Innovations for Poverty Action and the Center for Effective Global Action, J-PAL partners, in furthering the movement towards evidence-based development policy. [5] Duflo was the second female and youngest ever recipient of the Nobel Memorial Prize, winning at the age of 46. [45]
Innovations for Poverty Action (IPA) is an American non-profit research and policy organization founded in 2002 by economist Dean Karlan. [1] Since its foundation, IPA has worked with over 400 leading academics to conduct over 900 evaluations in 52 countries. [ 2 ]
However, each nation has its own set of causes or the digital divide. For example, the digital divide in Germany is unique because it is not largely due to difference in quality of infrastructure. [65] The correlation between income and internet use suggests that the digital divide persists at least in part due to income disparities. [66]
Impact heterogeneity refers to differences in impact due by beneficiary type and context. High quality impact evaluations will assess the extent to which different groups (e.g., the disadvantaged) benefit from an intervention as well as the potential effect of context on impact.
Self-help groups are started by non-governmental organizations (NGOs) that generally have broad anti-poverty agendas. Self-help groups are seen as instruments for goals including empowering women, developing leadership abilities among the poor and the needy, increasing school enrolment and improving nutrition and the use of birth control.
Hours after a post from a former employee went viral, the San Diego Wave have denounced the employee's claims of a toxic workplace. In a statement released on social media Wednesday afternoon, the ...
Due to the more temperate climate, large-scale plantations in the American South grew labor-intensive cash crops like sugarcane, rice, cotton, and tobacco requiring the importation of thousands of enslaved Africans to maintain. Early American farmers were not self-sufficient; they relied upon other farmers, specialized craftsmen, and merchants ...