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Eplerenone is an antimineralocorticoid, or an antagonist of the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR). [21] Eplerenone is also known chemically as 9,11α-epoxy-7α-methoxycarbonyl-3-oxo-17α-pregn-4-ene-21,17-carbolactone and "was derived from spironolactone by the introduction of a 9α,11α-epoxy bridge and by substitution of the 17α-thoacetyl ...
Potassium-sparing diuretics act to prevent sodium reabsorption in the collecting tubule by either binding ENaCs (amiloride, triamterene) or by inhibiting aldosterone receptors (spironolactone, eplerenone). This prevents excessive excretion of K + in urine and decreased retention of water, preventing hypokalemia. [10]
Antihypertensive agents comprise multiple classes of compounds that are intended to manage hypertension (high blood pressure). Antihypertensive therapy aims to maintain a blood pressure goal of <140/90 mmHg in all patients, as well as to prevent the progression or recurrence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in hypertensive patients with established CVD. [2]
Eplerenone, a steroidal antimineralocorticoid of the spirolactone group; Estriol triacetate, an estrogen medication and an estrogen ester
Meanwhile, according to 2013 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines, a loop diuretic can only replace thiazide-type diuretics if there is renal impairment (Creatinine of more than 1.5 mg/dL or estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of less 30 mL/min/1.73 m 2 due to lack of long term cardiovascular outcome data and appropriate ...
Clinical monitoring is the oversight and administrative efforts that monitor a participant's health and efficacy of the treatment during a clinical trial.Both independent and government-run grant-funding agencies, such as the National Institutes of Health (NIH) [1] and the World Health Organization (WHO), [2] require data and safety monitoring protocols for Phase I and II clinical trials ...
For this reason, men are typically not prescribed spironolactone for any longer than a short period of time, e.g., for an acute exacerbation of heart failure. A newer medication, eplerenone, has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of heart failure, and lacks the antiandrogenic effects of spironolactone ...
N-terminal pro-BNP (NT-proBNP) is the favored biomarker for the diagnosis of heart failure, according to guidelines published 2018 by NICE in the UK. [3] Brain natriuretic peptide 32 (BNP) is another biomarker commonly tested for heart failure. [74] [6] [75] An elevated NT-proBNP or BNP is a specific test indicative of heart failure ...