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  2. Anabolic steroid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anabolic_steroid

    Although all anabolic steroids have androgenic effects, some of them paradoxically results in feminization, such as breast tissue in males, a condition called gynecomastia. These side effect are caused by the natural conversion of testosterone into estrogen and estradiol by the action of aromatase enzyme, encoded by the CYP19A1 gene. [105]

  3. Anabolism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anabolism

    Glucagon is traditionally a catabolic hormone, but also stimulates the anabolic process of gluconeogenesis by the liver, and to a lesser extent the kidney cortex and intestines, during starvation to prevent low blood sugar. [9] It is the process of converting pyruvate into glucose.

  4. Performance-enhancing substance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Performance-enhancing...

    Anabolic steroids are synthetically derived from testosterone and modified to have greater anabolic effects. [7] They work by increasing the concentration of nitrogen in the muscle which inhibits catabolic glucocorticoid binding to muscle. [8] This ultimately prohibits the breakdown of muscle and preserves muscle mass. [9]

  5. Corticosteroid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corticosteroid

    Corticosteroids are a class of steroid hormones that are produced in the adrenal cortex of vertebrates, as well as the synthetic analogues of these hormones.Two main classes of corticosteroids, glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids, are involved in a wide range of physiological processes, including stress response, immune response, and regulation of inflammation, carbohydrate metabolism ...

  6. Steroid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steroid

    This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 29 December 2024. Polycyclic organic compound having sterane as a core structure This article is about the family of polycyclic compounds. For the drugs, also used as performance-enhancing substances, see Anabolic steroid. For the scientific journal, see Steroids (journal). For the Death Grips EP, see ...

  7. Ethylestrenol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethylestrenol

    Side effects of ethylestrenol include symptoms of masculinization like acne, increased hair growth, voice changes, and increased sexual desire. [2] It can also cause liver damage . [ 2 ] The drug is a synthetic androgen and anabolic steroid and hence is an agonist of the androgen receptor (AR), the biological target of androgens like ...

  8. Metenolone - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metenolone

    Side effects of metenolone esters include symptoms of masculinization like acne, increased hair growth, voice changes, and increased sexual desire. [6] Metenolone esters are synthetic androgens and anabolic steroids and hence are agonists of the androgen receptor (AR), the biological target of androgens like testosterone and dihydrotestosterone ...

  9. Testosterone undecanoate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Testosterone_undecanoate

    The drug is a prodrug of testosterone, the biological ligand of the androgen receptor (AR) and hence is an androgen and anabolic steroid. [16] [11] It has strong androgenic effects and moderate anabolic effects, which make it useful for producing masculinization and suitable for androgen replacement therapy. [11]