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One example of economic decentralization, which is based on a libertarian socialist model, is decentralized economic planning. Decentralized planning is a type of economic system in which decision-making is distributed amongst various economic agents or localized within production agents.
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 11 January 2025. Granting of some competences of central government to local government This article is about the form of government. For other uses, see Devolution (disambiguation). "Devolved parliament" redirects here. For the painting, see Devolved Parliament (Banksy). See also: Subsidiarity and ...
The country has been quoted as being "an extraordinarily decentralized country", with the central government accounting for just 18% of public spending, [28] 38% for the regional governments, 13% for the local councils, and the remaining 31% for the social security system. [29]
For example, the foraging behaviour of wasps is under the constant regulation and control of the queen. [8] The ant mill is an example of when a biological decentralized system fails, when the rules governing the individual agents are not sufficient to handle certain scenarios.
Decentralisation in Japan is a political reform to gain autonomy of the local territories in Japan.The plan officially began in 1981 because of the 1970s energy crisis and the disparity between Tokyo and other prefectures, that caused to streamline the administration to reduce a fiscal constrain.
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As a subfield of public economics, fiscal federalism is concerned with "understanding which functions and instruments are best centralized and which are best placed in the sphere of decentralized levels of government" (Oates, 1999). In other words, it is the study of how competencies (expenditure side) and fiscal instruments (revenue side) are ...
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