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Used to indicate the pound (unit of mass). [1] LLB. Legum Baccalaureus. "Bachelor of Laws". The "LL" of the abbreviation for the degree is from the genitive plural legum (singular: lex or legis, for law), thus "LLB" stands for Legum Baccalaureus in Latin. Where periods are used, it is "LL.B."
Overview. The abbreviation is used in an endnote or footnote to refer the reader to a cited work, standing in for repetition of the full title of the work. [1] Op. cit. thus refers the reader to the bibliography, where the full citation of the work can be found, or to a full citation given in a previous footnote.
Loc. cit. Loc. cit. (Latin, short for loco citato, meaning "in the place cited") is a footnote or endnote term used to repeat the title and page number for a given work (and author). Loc. cit. is used in place of ibid. when the reference is not only to the work immediately preceding, but also refers to the same page.
Certificate – X, U, PG, R, G (from the film certificates) Charged – ION. Charlie – C (NATO phonetic alphabet) Chartered accountant – CA. Chief – CH. Chlorine – CL (chemical symbol) Chromosome – X or Y. Church – CH or CE (Church of England) or RC (Roman Catholic) Circa – C.
A dagger, obelisk, or obelus † is a typographical mark that usually indicates a footnote if an asterisk has already been used. [1] The symbol is also used to indicate death (of people) or extinction (of species or languages). [2] It is one of the modern descendants of the obelus, a mark used historically by scholars as a critical or ...
Note (typography) In publishing, a note is a brief text in which the author comments on the subject and themes of the book and names supporting citations. In the editorial production of books and documents, typographically, a note is usually several lines of text at the bottom of the page, at the end of a chapter, at the end of a volume, or a ...
Ibid. is an abbreviation for the Latin word ibīdem, meaning 'in the same place', commonly used in an endnote, footnote, bibliography citation, or scholarly reference to refer to the source cited in the preceding note or list item. This is similar to idem, literally meaning 'the same', abbreviated id., which is commonly used in legal citation. [1]
Footnotes are used most commonly to provide: references (bibliographic citations) to reliable sources, explanatory information, or. source information for tables and other elements. Footnotes or shortened footnotes may be used at the editor's discretion in accordance with the guideline on Variation in citation methods.