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A nabothian cyst (or nabothian follicle) [1] is a mucus-filled cyst on the surface of the cervix. They are most often caused when stratified squamous epithelium of the ectocervix (portion nearest to the vagina) grows over the simple columnar epithelium of the endocervix (portion nearest to the uterus).
In the context of infertility treatments, cervical stenosis may complicate or prevent the use of intrauterine insemination (IUI) ... Cervical nabothian cysts;
[17]: 410–411 A buildup of mucus in the glands forms Nabothian cysts, usually less than about 5 mm (0.20 in) in diameter, [4] which are considered physiological rather than pathological. [17]: 411 Both gland openings and Nabothian cysts are helpful to identify the transformation zone. [15]: 106
Endometrioma (also called chocolate cyst) is the presence of tissue similar to, but distinct from, the endometrium in and sometimes on the ovary. It is the most common form of endometriosis . [ 1 ] Endometrioma is found in 17–44% patients with endometriosis.
Complications of endometriosis include internal scarring, adhesions, pelvic cysts, ovarian chocolate cysts, ruptured cysts, and bowel and ureter obstruction resulting from pelvic adhesions. [39] Endometriosis-associated infertility may result from scar formation and anatomical distortions caused by the condition. [3]
Tubal factor infertility can be due to chlamydia infection and testing for chlamydia antibodies is one diagnostic tool. [4] A Mycoplasma genitalium infection has also been linked to TFI. [ 5 ] Women have difficulty getting pregnant or carrying a baby to term due to the buildup of scar tissue in the fallopian tubes causing damage to the cilia on ...
A corpus luteum cyst or luteal cyst is a type of ovarian cyst which may rupture about the time of menstruation, and take up to three months to disappear entirely. A corpus luteum cyst does not often occur in women over the age of 50, because eggs are no longer being released after menopause. Corpus luteum cysts may contain blood and other fluids.
Cervical polyps are finger-like growths, generally less than 1 cm in diameter. [4] [5] They are generally bright red in colour, with a spongy texture. [3]They may be attached to the cervix by a stalk (pedunculated) and occasionally prolapse into the vagina where they can be mistaken for endometrial polyps or submucosal fibroids.