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A pilot may be requested to squawk a given code by an air traffic controller, via the radio, using a phrase such as "Cessna 123AB, squawk 0363". The pilot then selects the 0363 code on their transponder and the track on the air traffic controller's radar screen will become correctly associated with their identity. [6] [7]
When the transponder receives an interrogation request, it broadcasts the configured transponder code (or "squawk code"). This is referred to as "Mode 3A" or more commonly, Mode A. A separate type of response called "Ident" can be initiated from the airplane by pressing a button on the transponder control panel.
7700: ICAO: Emergency. [3] [7] 7701–7707 US: Reserved for special use by FAA. [3] 7710–7776 US: External ARTCC subset (block of discrete codes). [3] 7776 Europe The Mode A code 7776 is assigned as a test code by the ORCAM Users Group, specifically for the testing of transponders. [18] 7777 US, Germany, UK, Belgium, Netherlands
Informative call indicating maneuver in a specified direction with reference to (direction) the target. On station Informative call unit/aircraft has reached assigned station. Opening Increasing in range. Oranges Weather. Out (direction) Informative call indicating a turn to a cold aspect relative to the threat; opposite of in. Outlaw
An ATC ground station consists of two radar systems and their associated support components. The most prominent component is the PSR. It is also referred to as skin paint radar because it shows not synthetic or alpha-numeric target symbols, but bright (or colored) blips or areas on the radar screen produced by the RF energy reflections from the target's "skin."
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The radiotelephony message PAN-PAN is the international standard urgency signal that someone aboard a boat, ship, aircraft, or other vehicle uses to declare that they need help and that the situation is urgent, [1] [2] [3] but for the time being, does not pose an immediate danger to anyone's life or to the vessel itself. [4]
The captain had approximately 15,500 flight hours, including 3,748 hours on the Boeing 747. The first officer had more than 7,700 hours with 4,553 of them on the Boeing 747, and the flight engineer had approximately 15,500 hours of flight time, including 4,363 hours on the Boeing 747. [1] The accident occurred while the main crew was on duty.