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This directly impacts the habitat of these species, and many signature fen species disappear. [4] Fens are also threatened by invasive species, fragmentation, peat cutting, and pollution. [5] Non-native invasive species, such as the common buckthorn in North America, can invade fens and outcompete rare fen species, reducing biodiversity. [5]
Platanthera leucophaea, commonly known as the prairie white fringed orchid [6] or eastern prairie fringed orchid, is a rare species of orchid native to North America. It is a federally threatened species, [ 7 ] protected since October 30, 1989 under the Endangered Species Act of 1973 . [ 8 ]
The species is found along forest edges, rock piles, and rotting logs or stumps in the eastern United States. It is sometimes referred to as the prairie lizard, fence swift, gray lizard, gravid lizard, northern fence lizard or pine lizard. [4] It is also referred to colloquially as the horn-billed lizard.
Arboreal species are widely found in the region due to the high density of tree cover, providing a suitable habitat and food source for the animals; this includes birds and many ground squirrels. Migratory songbirds are common in the eastern temperate forests once the canopy opens up in the spring.
Federally threatened plant species: Prairie bush-clover (Lespedeza leptostachya) Mead's milkweed (Asclepias meadii) Northern wild monkshood (Aconitum noveboracense) Eastern prairie fringed orchid (Platanthera leucophaea) Western prairie fringed orchid (Platanthera praeclara) Extinct animal species (historical): [9]
Grassy woodlands surrounded much of the continent's central tallgrass prairie and shortgrass prairie. Fire also swept the Rocky Mountains aspen as frequently as every ten years, creating large areas of parkland. [1] In the far southwest was California oak woodland and Ponderosa Pine savanna, while further north was the Oregon White Oak savanna.
Encompassing 5,400 acres (22 km 2) of native upland forests and prairie and lowland swamps and meadows, the site contains over 900 plots of long-term experimental research which evaluate plant competition and biodiversity. The herbivory research division examines animal and plant relationships. [3]
The Illinois List of Endangered and Threatened Species is reviewed about every five years by the Illinois Endangered Species Protection Board (ESPB). [1] To date it has evaluated only plants and animals of the US state of Illinois, not fungi, algae, or other forms of life; species that occur in Illinois which are listed as endangered or threatened by the U.S. federal government under the ...